Biomaterial Database

Early deprivation alters structural brain development from middle childhood to adolescence. 2022

Margaret A Sheridan, and Cora E Mukerji, and Mark Wade, and Kathryn L Humphreys, and Kathryn Garrisi, and Srishti Goel, and Kinjal Patel, and Nathan A Fox, and Charles H Zeanah, and Charles A Nelson, and Katie A McLaughlin

Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

Hypotheses concerning the biologic embedding of early adversity via developmental neuroplasticity mechanisms have been proposed on the basis of experimental studies in animals. However, no studies have demonstrated a causal link between early adversity and neural development in humans. Here, we present evidence from a randomized controlled trial linking psychosocial deprivation in early childhood to changes in cortical development from childhood to adolescence using longitudinal data from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. Changes in cortical structure due to randomization to foster care were most pronounced in the lateral and medial prefrontal cortex and in white matter tracts connecting the prefrontal and parietal cortex. Demonstrating the causal impact of exposure to deprivation on the development of neural structure highlights the importance of early placement into family-based care to mitigate lasting neurodevelopmental consequences associated with early-life deprivation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011610	Psychosocial Deprivation	The absence of appropriate stimuli in the physical or social environment which are necessary for the emotional, social, and intellectual development of the individual.	Deprivation, Psychosocial,Deprivations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Deprivations
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002674	Child, Institutionalized	A child who is receiving long-term in-patient services or who resides in an institutional setting.	Institutionalized Child,Children, Institutionalized,Institutionalized Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D005581	Foster Home Care	Families who care for neglected children or patients unable to care for themselves.	Adult Foster Care,Kinship Care,Fostering,Care, Adult Foster,Care, Foster Home,Care, Kinship,Foster Care, Adult
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D001688	Biological Products	Complex pharmaceutical substances, preparations, or matter derived from organisms usually obtained by biological methods or assay.	Biologic,Biologic Drug,Biologic Product,Biological,Biological Drug,Biological Medicine,Biological Product,Biologics,Biopharmaceutical,Natural Product,Natural Products,Biologic Drugs,Biologic Medicines,Biologic Pharmaceuticals,Biologic Products,Biological Drugs,Biological Medicines,Biologicals,Biopharmaceuticals,Products, Biological,Drug, Biologic,Drug, Biological,Drugs, Biologic,Drugs, Biological,Medicine, Biological,Medicines, Biologic,Medicines, Biological,Pharmaceuticals, Biologic,Product, Biologic,Product, Biological,Product, Natural
D066127	White Matter	The region of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that appears lighter in color than the other type, GRAY MATTER. It mainly consists of MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS and contains few neuronal cell bodies or DENDRITES.	Cerebellar White Matter,Cerebellar White Matters,Matter, Cerebellar White,Matter, White,Matters, Cerebellar White,Matters, White,White Matter, Cerebellar,White Matters,White Matters, Cerebellar