BCMA-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma. 2023

Jinrong Yang, and Weilin Zhou, and Dan Li, and Ting Niu, and Wei Wang
Department of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematologic malignancy, despite the development of numerous innovative therapies during the past two decades. Immunotherapies are changing the treatment paradigm of MM and have improved the overall response and survival of patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) MM. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), selectively expressed in normal and malignant plasma cells, has been targeted by several immunotherapeutic modalities. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, the breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy, have revolutionized the treatment of B cell malignancies and remarkably improved the prognosis of RRMM. BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapy is the most developed CAR T cell therapy for MM, and the US Food and Drug Administration has already approved idecabtagene vicleucel (Ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Cilta-cel) for MM. However, the development of novel BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapies remains in progress. This review focuses on BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapy, covering all stages of investigational progress, including the innovative preclinical studies, the initial phase I clinical trials, and the more developed phase II clinical trials. It also discusses possible measures to improve the efficacy and safety of this therapy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009101 Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Myeloma, Plasma-Cell,Kahler Disease,Myeloma, Multiple,Myeloma-Multiple,Myelomatosis,Plasma Cell Myeloma,Cell Myeloma, Plasma,Cell Myelomas, Plasma,Disease, Kahler,Multiple Myelomas,Myeloma Multiple,Myeloma, Plasma Cell,Myeloma-Multiples,Myelomas, Multiple,Myelomas, Plasma Cell,Myelomas, Plasma-Cell,Myelomatoses,Plasma Cell Myelomas,Plasma-Cell Myeloma,Plasma-Cell Myelomas
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000076962 Receptors, Chimeric Antigen Synthetic cellular receptors that reprogram T-LYMPHOCYTES to selectively bind antigens. Chimeric Antigen Receptor,Chimeric T-Cell Receptor,Artificial T-Cell Receptors,Chimeric Antigen Receptors,Chimeric Immunoreceptors,Chimeric T-Cell Receptors,Antigen Receptor, Chimeric,Antigen Receptors, Chimeric,Artificial T Cell Receptors,Chimeric T Cell Receptor,Chimeric T Cell Receptors,Immunoreceptors, Chimeric,Receptor, Chimeric Antigen,Receptor, Chimeric T-Cell,Receptors, Artificial T-Cell,Receptors, Chimeric T-Cell,T-Cell Receptor, Chimeric,T-Cell Receptors, Artificial,T-Cell Receptors, Chimeric
D013601 T-Lymphocytes Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen. T Cell,T Lymphocyte,T-Cells,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocytes,Cell, T,Cells, T,Lymphocyte, T,Lymphocyte, Thymus-Dependent,Lymphocytes, T,Lymphocytes, Thymus-Dependent,T Cells,T Lymphocytes,T-Cell,T-Lymphocyte,Thymus Dependent Lymphocytes,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocyte
D014481 United States A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.
D016219 Immunotherapy, Adoptive Form of adoptive transfer where cells with antitumor activity are transferred to the tumor-bearing host in order to mediate tumor regression. The lymphoid cells commonly used are lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). This is usually considered a form of passive immunotherapy. (From DeVita, et al., Cancer, 1993, pp.305-7, 314) Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy,Adoptive Immunotherapy,CAR T-Cell Therapy,Cellular Immunotherapy, Adoptive,Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy,Immunotherapy, Adoptive Cellular,Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapies,Adoptive Immunotherapies,CAR T Cell Therapy,CAR T-Cell Therapies,Cellular Immunotherapies, Adoptive,Immunotherapies, Adoptive,Immunotherapies, Adoptive Cellular,T-Cell Therapies, CAR,T-Cell Therapy, CAR,Therapies, CAR T-Cell,Therapy, CAR T-Cell
D053301 B-Cell Maturation Antigen A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for B CELL ACTIVATING FACTOR and TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR LIGAND SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 13. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS. Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 17,B Cell Maturation Protein A,BCMA Protein,Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 17,B Cell Maturation Antigen,Maturation Antigen, B-Cell
D064987 Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy Therapies that involve the TRANSPLANTATION of CELLS or TISSUES developed for the purpose of restoring the function of diseased or dysfunctional cells or tissues. Cell Therapy,Tissue Therapy,Therapy, Cell,Therapy, Tissue,Cell and Tissue Based Therapy

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