Young rats 10-30 days of age received bilateral injections of antinicotinic and/or nicotinic agents into the lateral (L), the basolateral (BL), or the cortical (CO) amygdaloid nucleus, and were trained to learn a cool-draft stimulus passive-avoidance task, 17 min later. Mecamylamine produced age- and dose-dependent acquisition deficits; these deficits appeared on day 11, increased similarly after injections into any of the three nuclei until day 16, and decreased thereafter, more rapidly after administration into CO nucleus than after injections into L and BL nuclei. In the latter nucleus, the deficits had nearly disappeared on day 30. Nicotine injected alone induced slight facilitatory effects, significant at 20 days but not reliable at earlier stages. However, nicotine could hinder the antagonistic effects of mecamylamine, when given in combination, as early as the 11th day of age on. The results suggest the existence of nicotinic synaptic elements in the basal lateral part of the rat amygdala; however, these seem to play an important role in passive avoidance learning only during the early stages of ontogenesis.