Endocervical smears were examined in a high-risk group of women using the Chlamyset "Direct Chlamydia Antigen Detection Test". From the 66 samples 42 were positive for Chlamydia trachomatis with highest incidence in the infertile group and in patients complaining of recurrent discharge. No correlation has been found between chlamydial endocervical infection and infected vaginal smears.