Biomaterial Database

Risk assessment of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters through dietary exposure from edible oils for the Zhejiang population in China by Monte Carlo simulation. 2023

Liqun Zhang, and Pinggu Wu, and Xiaoling Xiang, and Huali He, and Sha Yu

Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, P. R. China.

The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of 3-monochoropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters from edible oils for the Zhejiang population in China. Exposure assessment of 3-MCPD esters was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation based on the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters in edible oils combined with survey data on the eating habits of Chinese residents classified by age group and gender. The simulation results indicated that the mean daily intakes (CDI) of 3-MCPD esters for children 7-10 years old were 2.154 µg (kg BW d)-1 for boys and 2.049 µg (kg BW d)-1 for girls, which are lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 4 µg (kg BW d)-1 for 3-MCPD and 3-MCPD esters individually or in combination, set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. The range of mean dietary intakes of 3-MCPD esters in different subpopulation groups ranged 1.242-1.672 µg (kg BW d)-1, which was lower than the PMTDI. However, the CDI values of 3-MCPD esters in high percentile exposure subgroups (95th, 99th) of males (7-49 years old) and females (7-10 and 50-75 years old) were all above 4µg (kg bw d)-1. Outside of the senior group (50-75 years old), males had more exposure to 3-MCPD than females. The average hazard indexes (HI) of 3-MCPD esters to male and female children were 1.257 and 1.024, respectively, indicating there was a risk, but no immediate measures are required to address this risk. The average HI of 3-MCPD esters to adolescent, adult, and seniors were all below 1, indicating risk for those age groups were at an acceptable level.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009010	Monte Carlo Method	In statistics, a technique for numerically approximating the solution of a mathematical problem by studying the distribution of some random variable, often generated by a computer. The name alludes to the randomness characteristic of the games of chance played at the gambling casinos in Monte Carlo. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)	Method, Monte Carlo
D010938	Plant Oils	Oils derived from plants or plant products.	Oils, Plant,Oils, Vegetable,Plant Oil,Vegetable Oil,Vegetable Oils,Oil, Plant,Oil, Vegetable
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002681	China	A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.	Inner Mongolia,Manchuria,People's Republic of China,Sinkiang,Mainland China
D004952	Esters	Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water.	Ester
D005260	Female		Females
D005506	Food Contamination	The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.	Food Adulteration,Adulteration, Food,Adulterations, Food,Contamination, Food,Contaminations, Food,Food Adulterations,Food Contaminations
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man