Biomaterial Database

Two-flash photorefraction in screening of amblyogenic refractive errors. 1987

K A Kaakinen, and H O Kaseva, and H H Teir

Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.

A selection of amblyopic (n = 14) and nonamblyopic (n = 18) children with different ametropias, anisometropias, and astigmatisms was photorefracted without cycloplegia by two-flash photorefraction (T-FP) in which refractions in both horizontal and vertical meridians of both eyes are measured simultaneously. The results were compared to conventional cycloplegic retinoscopy in a blind study. Significant amblyogenic conditions, such as hyperopic anisometropias of more than 1.0 diopter (D), high ametropias, or astigmatism and strabismus cases of 2 degrees to 3 degrees or more are detectable. The technique provides a simple and useful tool for mass screening of infants. The sensitivity of the method for detecting amblyopia seems to be at least as high as in visual checking. Media opacities are recordable, and a permanent document is obtained.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010781	Photography	Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy.	Photographies
D012029	Refraction, Ocular	Refraction of LIGHT effected by the media of the EYE.	Ocular Refraction,Ocular Refractions,Refractions, Ocular
D012030	Refractive Errors	Deviations from the average or standard indices of refraction of the eye through its dioptric or refractive apparatus.	Ametropia,Refractive Disorders,Ametropias,Disorder, Refractive,Disorders, Refractive,Error, Refractive,Errors, Refractive,Refractive Disorder,Refractive Error
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000550	Amblyopia	A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.	Anisometropic Amblyopia,Lazy Eye,Amblyopia, Developmental,Amblyopia, Stimulus Deprivation-Induced,Amblyopia, Suppression,Stimulus Deprivation-Induced Amblyopia,Amblyopia, Anisometropic,Amblyopia, Stimulus Deprivation Induced,Amblyopias,Amblyopias, Anisometropic,Amblyopias, Developmental,Amblyopias, Stimulus Deprivation-Induced,Amblyopias, Suppression,Anisometropic Amblyopias,Deprivation-Induced Amblyopia, Stimulus,Deprivation-Induced Amblyopias, Stimulus,Developmental Amblyopia,Developmental Amblyopias,Eye, Lazy,Eyes, Lazy,Lazy Eyes,Stimulus Deprivation Induced Amblyopia,Stimulus Deprivation-Induced Amblyopias,Suppression Amblyopia,Suppression Amblyopias