Upregulation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) but not transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) during primary tooth carious progression. 2023

Alisa Wichaidit, and Namthip Patinotham, and Kullanun Nukaeow, and Aunwaya Kaewpitak
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, HatYai, Songkhla, Thailand.

To quantify the changes in Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression throughout the process of inflammation induced by caries. Forty primary teeth were obtained from children requiring dental extractions under local or general anesthesia. The teeth were grouped according to three stages reflecting the progression of dental caries: nine with intact dentin, 15 with exposed dentin (but not to the extent of the pulp), and 16 with exposed pulp. Immunofluorescence was used to validate the presence of dental pulp inflammation by demonstrating a decrease in NF-κB nuclear translocation. The expression levels of TRPA1 and TRPV1 were quantified in the pulp horn and the subodontoblastic and midcoronal regions of the pulp. The percentage of cells with NF-κB nuclear translocation was highest for teeth with intact dentin and decreased progressively during the progression of caries. TRPA1 expression was lowest in intact teeth and gradually increased as caries advanced. TRPV1 expression was similar in teeth with intact dentin, exposed dentin, and exposed pulp. The differences in TRPA1 and TRPV1 expression in response to caries suggest that these receptors play unique roles in the immune response during the progression of caries and that the pathophysiology of inflammation in the dental pulp varies between the early and late stages of caries.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007249 Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Innate Inflammatory Response,Inflammations,Inflammatory Response, Innate,Innate Inflammatory Responses
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D003598 Cytoskeletal Proteins Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible. Proteins, Cytoskeletal
D003731 Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp. Caries, Dental,Carious Lesions,Dental Cavities,Dental Cavity,Dental Decay,Dental White Spots,Carious Dentin,Decay, Dental,Dental White Spot,White Spot, Dental,White Spots, Dental,Carious Dentins,Carious Lesion,Cavities, Dental,Cavity, Dental,Dentin, Carious,Dentins, Carious,Lesion, Carious,Lesions, Carious,Spot, Dental White,Spots, Dental White
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000074025 TRPA1 Cation Channel A highly conserved, non-selective TRP cation channel that contains 14-17 ANKYRIN REPEATS. It functions in cold sensation and NOCICEPTION of endogenous inflammatory factors and volatile irritants. TRPA1 is also activated by CANNABINOIDS and may play a role in sound perception by hair cells of the inner ear. TRPA1 Channel,Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily A, Member 1,Cation Channel, TRPA1,Channel, TRPA1,Channel, TRPA1 Cation
D014094 Tooth, Deciduous The teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth. Primary Tooth,Tooth, Primary,Baby Teeth,Baby Tooth,Dentition, Deciduous,Dentition, Primary,Milk Teeth,Milk Tooth,Primary Teeth,Teeth, Deciduous,Teeth, Primary,Deciduous Dentition,Deciduous Dentitions,Deciduous Teeth,Deciduous Tooth,Dentitions, Deciduous,Dentitions, Primary,Primary Dentition,Primary Dentitions,Teeth, Baby,Teeth, Milk,Tooth, Baby,Tooth, Milk
D015854 Up-Regulation A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins. Receptor Up-Regulation,Upregulation,Up-Regulation (Physiology),Up Regulation
D016328 NF-kappa B Ubiquitous, inducible, nuclear transcriptional activator that binds to enhancer elements in many different cell types and is activated by pathogenic stimuli. The NF-kappa B complex is a heterodimer composed of two DNA-binding subunits: NF-kappa B1 and relA. Immunoglobulin Enhancer-Binding Protein,NF-kappa B Complex,Nuclear Factor kappa B,Transcription Factor NF-kB,kappa B Enhancer Binding Protein,Ig-EBP-1,NF-kB,NF-kappaB,Nuclear Factor-Kappab,Complex, NF-kappa B,Enhancer-Binding Protein, Immunoglobulin,Factor NF-kB, Transcription,Factor-Kappab, Nuclear,Ig EBP 1,Immunoglobulin Enhancer Binding Protein,NF kB,NF kappa B Complex,NF kappaB,NF-kB, Transcription Factor,Nuclear Factor Kappab,Transcription Factor NF kB
D017487 Ankyrins A family of membrane-associated proteins responsible for the attachment of the cytoskeleton. Erythrocyte-related isoforms of ankyrin attach the SPECTRIN cytoskeleton to a transmembrane protein (ANION EXCHANGE PROTEIN 1, ERYTHROCYTE) in the erythrocyte plasma membrane. Brain-related isoforms of ankyrin also exist. Ankyrin

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