Saline Vehicle Increases the Ability of Drug Patch Test in Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions. 2023

Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

BACKGROUND Drug patch test to identify cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) has been widely reported. Appropriate vehicles can improve the ability of drug delivery and significantly increase positive reaction of drug patch tests. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of drug patch tests using 0.9% saline vehicle in comparison with other traditional vehicles in CADRs. METHODS All patients were patch tested with suspected drugs using 10-30% concentration of the commercialized form of drugs diluted in 0.9% saline, petrolatum, and water. RESULTS Of 100 patients with CADRs, 54 of those had at least one positive drug patch test. In terms of vehicles used, 43 patients had positive drug patch test with saline as compared to 35 with water (p = 0.485) and 25 with petrolatum (p = 0.007). Among CADRs subgroup, saline rendered significantly higher positive rate when compared with petrolatum in drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) (70% vs. 20%, p = 0.025), maculopapular rash (MP) (52.4% vs. 31%, p = 0.046), and lichenoid drug eruption (46.7% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.002). 12/54 (22.2%) of CADRs patients had positive reaction with saline alone. Among these patients, 4/12 (33.3%) were lichenoid drug reaction, 3/12 (25%) were DRESS, and 2/12 (16.7%) were MP rash. Allopurinol was the drug giving positive patch test only with saline. CONCLUSIONS Appropriate vehicles are essential to obtain the positive drug patch test. Using saline as a vehicle can increase the positive reaction of drug patch test, particularly in lichenoid drug eruption. We recommend the use of saline as another traditional vehicle in drug patch test.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008010 Lichen Planus An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a "saw-tooth" pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown. Cutaneous Lichen Planus,Lichen Planopilaris,Lichen Ruber Planus,Mucosal Lichen Planus,Lichen Rubra Planus,Lichen Planus, Cutaneous,Lichen Planus, Mucosal,Planopilaris, Lichen
D010328 Patch Tests Skin tests in which the sensitizer is applied to a patch of cotton cloth or gauze held in place for approximately 48-72 hours. It is used for the elicitation of a contact hypersensitivity reaction. Patch Testing,Patch Test,Patch Testings,Test, Patch,Testing, Patch,Testings, Patch,Tests, Patch
D003875 Drug Eruptions Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume various morphologic patterns and produce various types of lesions. Dermatitis Medicamentosa,Dermatitis, Adverse Drug Reaction,Maculopapular Drug Eruption,Maculopapular Exanthem,Morbilliform Drug Reaction,Morbilliform Exanthem,Drug Eruption,Drug Eruption, Maculopapular,Drug Eruptions, Maculopapular,Drug Reaction, Morbilliform,Drug Reactions, Morbilliform,Eruption, Drug,Eruption, Maculopapular Drug,Eruptions, Drug,Eruptions, Maculopapular Drug,Exanthem, Maculopapular,Exanthem, Morbilliform,Exanthems, Maculopapular,Exanthems, Morbilliform,Maculopapular Drug Eruptions,Maculopapular Exanthems,Morbilliform Drug Reactions,Morbilliform Exanthems,Reaction, Morbilliform Drug,Reactions, Morbilliform Drug
D004364 Pharmaceutical Preparations Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form. Drug,Drugs,Pharmaceutical,Pharmaceutical Preparation,Pharmaceutical Product,Pharmaceutic Preparations,Pharmaceutical Products,Pharmaceuticals,Preparations, Pharmaceutical,Preparation, Pharmaceutical,Preparations, Pharmaceutic,Product, Pharmaceutical,Products, Pharmaceutical
D005076 Exanthema Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology. Rash,Skin Rash,Exanthem,Rash, Skin
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077330 Saline Solution A crystalloid solution that contains 9.0g of SODIUM CHLORIDE per liter of water. It has a variety of uses, including: as a CONTACT LENS SOLUTION, in OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS and NASAL LAVAGE, in wound irrigation, and for FLUID THERAPY. 0.9% NaCl,0.9% Saline,Normal Saline,Saline, 0.9%,Saline, Normal

Related Publications

Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
January 2009, Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
February 2018, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
November 2017, Contact dermatitis,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
May 2023, Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
January 2013, Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
April 2015, La Revue de medecine interne,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
November 2020, Drug research,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
August 2014, Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,
Supitchaya Thaiwat, and Sirikarn Prompongsa
January 2024, Therapie,
Copied contents to your clipboard!