Single-cell DNA methylation sequencing by combinatorial indexing and enzymatic DNA methylation conversion. 2023

Zac Chatterton, and Praves Lamichhane, and Diba Ahmadi Rastegar, and Lauren Fitzpatrick, and Hélène Lebhar, and Christopher Marquis, and Glenda Halliday, and John B Kwok
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia. zac.chatterton@sydney.edu.au.

BACKGROUND DNA methylation is a critical molecular mark involved in cellular differentiation and cell-specific processes. Single-cell whole genome DNA methylation profiling methods hold great potential to resolve the DNA methylation profiles of individual cell-types. Here we present a method that couples single-cell combinatorial indexing (sci) with enzymatic conversion (sciEM) of unmethylated cytosines. RESULTS The sciEM method facilitates DNA methylation profiling of single-cells that is highly correlated with single-cell bisulfite-based workflows (r2 > 0.99) whilst improving sequencing alignment rates, reducing adapter contamination and over-estimation of DNA methylation levels (CpG and non-CpG). As proof-of-concept we perform sciEM analysis of the temporal lobe, motor cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of the human brain to resolve single-cell DNA methylation of all major cell-types. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge sciEM represents the first non-bisulfite single-cell DNA methylation sequencing approach with single-base resolution.

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