OBJECTIVE The aim: To assess bone mineral density and 10-year probability of major osteoporotic and hip fractures using the Ukrainian FRAX® version for postmenopausal women with Type II diabetes mellitus and to determine the need for OP treatment according to the algorithm FRAX and BMD. METHODS Materials and methods: 690 females aged 50-89 years (mean age 67.0±7.7 years) were divided into two groups: Group I (n=345) was made of mostly healthy women, Group II (n=345) - patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. Bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 10-year probability of major osteoporotic and hip fractures was calculated using the Ukrainian FRAX® model. RESULTS Results: Bone mineral density and 10-year risk of major osteoporotic and hip fractures did not differ depending on the Type II diabetes mellitus presence, however the frequencies of low-energy, vertebral and all previous fractures were higher in Group II. 19% of women with diabetes mellitus and 38% of healthy ones required antiosteoporotic treatment according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and only 8% and 2%, respectively, according to the FRAX. These indices became higher after recalculation of FRAX taking into account bone mineral density, however they were lower in patients with diabetes mellitus compared to the corresponding rate in the Group I (FRAX (high risk) + bone mineral density: 26% and 41%; χ2 = 18.2; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: The use of FRAX in combination with bone mineral density resulted in an increased necessity for antiosteoporotic treatment, indicating the urgency of using both indices for osteoporotic fractures prediction in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus.