Transfer Patterns and Clinical Applications of the Forehead Flaps Based on the Supratrochlear Artery and Supraorbital Artery. 2023

Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Shijingshan, Beijing, China.

This study aimed to describe the application of transferring preexpanded forehead flaps based on the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries in 3 patterns for facial reconstruction: Pattern I, interpolated flap; Pattern II, island flap; and Pattern III, propeller flap, which was subdivided into direct propeller flap (Pattern IIIa) and indirect propeller flap (Pattern IIIb). During the first stage, a tissue expander was inserted underneath the forehead. After sufficient inflation of the expander, a forehead flap based on the supratrochlear or supraorbital artery was elevated and transferred to reconstruct the facial defects. Three weeks after the surgery, pedicle division was performed, in which Pattern I and Pattern IIIb flaps were used. Twenty-four patients underwent facial reconstruction. Twenty-three flaps survived without any perfusion-related complications. Venous congestion developed in an island flap. All patients were followed up after surgery, ranging from 2 to 156 (mean, 19) months. The color and texture of the flap matched those of the adjacent skin. The patients and their families were satisfied with the final functional and esthetic outcomes. The forehead flap based on the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries provides reliable coverage of facial defects. The conventional interpolated flap continues to be the most dependable. Single-stage reconstruction using the island flap and direct propeller flap is applicable to patients who decline the pedicle division procedure. The novel technique of using the indirect propeller flap is safe for cheek reconstruction with minimal donor-site morbidity and esthetically pleasing results.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009880 Ophthalmic Artery Artery originating from the internal carotid artery and distributing to the eye, orbit and adjacent facial structures. Arteries, Ophthalmic,Artery, Ophthalmic,Ophthalmic Arteries
D004955 Esthetics, Dental Skills, techniques, standards, and principles used to improve the art and symmetry of the teeth and face to improve the appearance as well as the function of the teeth, mouth, and face. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p108) Cosmetic Dentistry,Aesthetics, Dental,Dental Esthetic,Dental Esthetics,Esthetic, Dental,Cosmetic Dentistries,Dentistries, Cosmetic,Dentistry, Cosmetic
D005546 Forehead The part of the face above the eyes. Foreheads
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013524 Surgical Flaps Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region. Island Flap,Island Flaps,Flap, Surgical,Flaps, Surgical,Pedicled Flap,Surgical Flap,Flap, Island,Flap, Pedicled,Flaps, Island,Flaps, Pedicled,Pedicled Flaps
D016038 Skin Transplantation The grafting of skin in humans or animals from one site to another to replace a lost portion of the body surface skin. Dermatoplasty,Grafting, Skin,Transplantation, Skin,Dermatoplasties,Graftings, Skin,Skin Grafting,Skin Graftings,Skin Transplantations,Transplantations, Skin
D019651 Plastic Surgery Procedures Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures. Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Cosmetic Surgical Procedures,Esthetic Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Esthetic Surgical Procedures,Plastic Surgical Procedures,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures, Cosmetic,Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgery,Procedure, Reconstructive Surgical,Procedures, Reconstructive Surgical,Reconstructive Surgical Procedure,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures, Esthetic,Surgical Procedure, Reconstructive,Surgical Procedures, Reconstructive,Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgeries,Cosmetic Surgical Procedure,Esthetic Surgical Procedure,Plastic Surgery Procedure,Plastic Surgical Procedure,Procedure, Cosmetic Surgical,Procedure, Esthetic Surgical,Procedure, Plastic Surgery,Procedure, Plastic Surgical,Procedures, Cosmetic Surgical,Procedures, Esthetic Surgical,Procedures, Plastic Surgery,Procedures, Plastic Surgical,Reconstructive Surgeries, Cosmetic,Reconstructive Surgery, Cosmetic,Surgeries, Cosmetic Reconstructive,Surgery Procedure, Plastic,Surgery Procedures, Plastic,Surgery, Cosmetic Reconstructive,Surgical Procedure, Cosmetic,Surgical Procedure, Esthetic,Surgical Procedure, Plastic,Surgical Procedures, Cosmetic,Surgical Procedures, Esthetic,Surgical Procedures, Plastic

Related Publications

Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
January 2015, JAMA facial plastic surgery,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
March 2017, Plastic and reconstructive surgery,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
November 2017, Plastic and reconstructive surgery,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
November 2017, Plastic and reconstructive surgery,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
October 2021, Aesthetic surgery journal,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
October 2021, Aesthetic surgery journal,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
May 2022, Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.),
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
January 2012, Annali italiani di chirurgia,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
January 2002, Kulak burun bogaz ihtisas dergisi : KBB = Journal of ear, nose, and throat,
Ruomeng Yang, and Mengqing Zang, and Shan Zhu, and Shanshan Li, and Zixiang Chen, and Yuanbo Liu
June 2011, Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands),
Copied contents to your clipboard!