Temporomandibular Joint Disk Displacement: Etiology, Diagnosis, Imaging, and Therapeutic Approaches. 2023

Giuseppe Minervini, and Cesare D'Amico, and Marco Cicciù, and Luca Fiorillo
Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Naples, Italy.

An estimated 8 to 15% of women, and 3 to 10% of men currently suffer from Temporomandibular disorders, and it has been reported that sounds are a common finding and have been observed in 28% to 50% of the adult population; sounds are almost always connected to "internal derangements" a condition in which the articular disk displaced from its position on the mandibular condyle. Due to the multifactorial etiology of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, any accurate diagnosis based on clinical examination alone often proves to be difficult, so a clinical examination should be utilized together with other imaging methods to determine the relationship between the disk and condyle before and after treatment. In general, management of temporomandibular joint-related conditions is necessary when pain or dysfunction is present, so many surgical or nonsurgical methods of treatment have been reported. The Occlusal splint is 1 of the most widespread treatment it induces a slight vertical condylar distraction and eliminates the occlusal factor, which can be responsible for Temporomandibular joint disturbances, removing the influence of the teeth on the joint position by the slight distraction of the joint which, in turn, enables damaged connective tissue to heal.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D008297 Male Males
D008335 Mandibular Condyle The posterior process on the ramus of the mandible composed of two parts: a superior part, the articular portion, and an inferior part, the condylar neck. Condyle, Mandibular,Condyles, Mandibular,Mandibular Condyles
D004204 Joint Dislocations Displacement of bones from their normal positions at a joint. Inferior Dislocation,Joint Subluxations,Luxatio Erecta,Dislocation, Joint,Dislocations, Joint,Inferior Dislocations,Joint Dislocation,Joint Subluxation,Subluxation, Joint,Subluxations, Joint
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D013704 Temporomandibular Joint An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone. TMJ,Joint, Temporomandibular,Joints, Temporomandibular,Temporomandibular Joints
D013705 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600) TMJ Disorders,TMJ Diseases,Temporomandibular Disorders,Temporomandibular Joint Diseases,Disease, TMJ,Disease, Temporomandibular Joint,Diseases, TMJ,Diseases, Temporomandibular Joint,Disorder, TMJ,Disorder, Temporomandibular,Disorder, Temporomandibular Joint,Disorders, TMJ,Disorders, Temporomandibular,Disorders, Temporomandibular Joint,Joint Disease, Temporomandibular,Joint Diseases, Temporomandibular,Joint Disorder, Temporomandibular,Joint Disorders, Temporomandibular,TMJ Disease,TMJ Disorder,Temporomandibular Disorder,Temporomandibular Joint Disease,Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
D019224 Temporomandibular Joint Disc A plate of fibrous tissue that divides the temporomandibular joint into an upper and lower cavity. The disc is attached to the articular capsule and moves forward with the condyle in free opening and protrusion. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p92) Articular Disk, Temporomandibular,Disk, Temporomandibular Joint,Temporomandibular Joint Disk,Articular Disc, Temporomandibular,Articular Discs, Temporomandibular,Articular Disks, Temporomandibular,Disc, Temporomandibular Articular,Disc, Temporomandibular Joint,Discs, Temporomandibular Articular,Discs, Temporomandibular Joint,Disk, Temporomandibular Articular,Disks, Temporomandibular Articular,Disks, Temporomandibular Joint,Joint Disc, Temporomandibular,Joint Discs, Temporomandibular,Joint Disk, Temporomandibular,Joint Disks, Temporomandibular,Temporomandibular Articular Disc,Temporomandibular Articular Discs,Temporomandibular Articular Disk,Temporomandibular Articular Disks,Temporomandibular Joint Discs,Temporomandibular Joint Disks

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