Biomaterial Database

Functional mutants of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase affecting kinetics, cellular redox balance, and electrophoretic mobility. 1978

C Wills, and J Phelps

Repeated selection of petite (respiratorily incompetent) Saccharomyces cerevisiae on medium containing allyl alcohol, both on plates and in the turbidostat, results in mutants with a remarkably similar response. Most of the mutations affect the constitutive alcohol dehydrogenase, resulting in enzymes with a cathodal shift in electrophoretic mobility, and none shows a significant anodal shift. The genetics, kinetics, and physiological effect of three of the mutants have been investigated in detail, and while all confer resistance to allyl alcohol through a shift in the NAD/NADH ratio, they do so in slightly different ways. The potential of this system for exploring the range of short-term adaptations open to this organism is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D004592	Electrophoresis, Starch Gel	Electrophoresis in which a starch gel (a mixture of amylose and amylopectin) is used as the diffusion medium.	Starch Gel Electrophoresis
D000429	Alcohol Oxidoreductases	A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).	Carbonyl Reductase,Ketone Reductase,Carbonyl Reductases,Ketone Reductases,Oxidoreductases, Alcohol,Reductase, Carbonyl,Reductase, Ketone,Reductases, Carbonyl,Reductases, Ketone
D012441	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.	Baker's Yeast,Brewer's Yeast,Candida robusta,S. cerevisiae,Saccharomyces capensis,Saccharomyces italicus,Saccharomyces oviformis,Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus,Yeast, Baker's,Yeast, Brewer's,Baker Yeast,S cerevisiae,Baker's Yeasts,Yeast, Baker
D012641	Selection, Genetic	Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.	Natural Selection,Genetic Selection,Selection, Natural