Akkermansia biwaensis sp. nov., an anaerobic mucin-degrading bacterium isolated from human faeces. 2023

Yodai Kobayashi, and Tomohiro Kawahara, and Shoichiro Inoue, and Noriyuki Kohda
Otsu Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3-31-13 Saigawa, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.

A bacterial strain, WON2089T, was isolated from the faeces of healthy Japanese adults and is able to use mucin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. Sequencing of its 16S rRNA gene showed that WON2089T has 98.0 and 94.4% similarity to Akkermansia muciniphila MucT and Akkermansia glycaniphila PytT, respectively, while phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed that it belongs to the genus Akkermansia. The whole genome of WON2089T was sequenced, which showed that it shares 84.5 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) and 24.9 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) with its closest relative, A. muciniphila MucT. Cells of WON2089T are non-motile, anaerobic and oval-shaped (0.4-0.5×0.5-1.0 µm). The strain is Gram-stain-negative and grows in the temperature range of 25-45 °C (optimum, 30-37 °C) and pH range of pH 5.5-9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5-8.0). WON2089T can utilize d-glucose, d-mannitol, lactose and d-mannose, as assessed by API20A strips. The major cellular fatty acids are C15 : 0 anteiso, C15 : 0 3OH and C18 : 1 ω9c (55.5, 7.5 and 5.8 % of total fatty acids, respectively). Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, ANI, dDDH and acid formation from d-mannitol, WON2089T is distinct from previously reported species of the genus Akkermansia. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic characteristics, WON2089T represents a novel species of the genus Akkermansia and the name Akkermansia biwaensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WON2089T (= NBRC 115679T= DSM 114407T).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009077 Mucins High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface. Mucin
D010802 Phylogeny The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup. Community Phylogenetics,Molecular Phylogenetics,Phylogenetic Analyses,Phylogenetic Analysis,Phylogenetic Clustering,Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis,Phylogenetic Comparative Methods,Phylogenetic Distance,Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares,Phylogenetic Groups,Phylogenetic Incongruence,Phylogenetic Inference,Phylogenetic Networks,Phylogenetic Reconstruction,Phylogenetic Relatedness,Phylogenetic Relationships,Phylogenetic Signal,Phylogenetic Structure,Phylogenetic Tree,Phylogenetic Trees,Phylogenomics,Analyse, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic Comparative,Clustering, Phylogenetic,Community Phylogenetic,Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic,Comparative Method, Phylogenetic,Distance, Phylogenetic,Group, Phylogenetic,Incongruence, Phylogenetic,Inference, Phylogenetic,Method, Phylogenetic Comparative,Molecular Phylogenetic,Network, Phylogenetic,Phylogenetic Analyse,Phylogenetic Clusterings,Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses,Phylogenetic Comparative Method,Phylogenetic Distances,Phylogenetic Group,Phylogenetic Incongruences,Phylogenetic Inferences,Phylogenetic Network,Phylogenetic Reconstructions,Phylogenetic Relatednesses,Phylogenetic Relationship,Phylogenetic Signals,Phylogenetic Structures,Phylogenetic, Community,Phylogenetic, Molecular,Phylogenies,Phylogenomic,Reconstruction, Phylogenetic,Relatedness, Phylogenetic,Relationship, Phylogenetic,Signal, Phylogenetic,Structure, Phylogenetic,Tree, Phylogenetic
D004269 DNA, Bacterial Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria. Bacterial DNA
D005227 Fatty Acids Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D005243 Feces Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000086102 Akkermansia A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria in the phylum VERRUCOMICROBIA and the family Akkermansiaceae. This genus includes the species Akkermansia muciniphila which is known for residing in the human intestinal tract and having effects on human metabolism.
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000693 Anaerobiosis The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed) Anaerobic Metabolism,Anaerobic Metabolisms,Anaerobioses,Metabolism, Anaerobic,Metabolisms, Anaerobic
D001482 Base Composition The relative amounts of the PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in a nucleic acid. Base Ratio,G+C Composition,Guanine + Cytosine Composition,G+C Content,GC Composition,GC Content,Guanine + Cytosine Content,Base Compositions,Base Ratios,Composition, Base,Composition, G+C,Composition, GC,Compositions, Base,Compositions, G+C,Compositions, GC,Content, G+C,Content, GC,Contents, G+C,Contents, GC,G+C Compositions,G+C Contents,GC Compositions,GC Contents,Ratio, Base,Ratios, Base

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