High-resolution spatiotemporal changes in dominant frequency and structural organization during persistent atrial fibrillation. 2023

Terrence Pong, and Joy Aparicio-Valenzuela, and Oluwatomisin Obafemi, and Kevin Cyr, and Cody Carlton, and Calvin Taylor, and Anson Lee
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America.

Analyze changes in frequency activity and structural organization that occur over time with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Little is known about the frequency characteristics of the epicardium during transition from paroxysmal to persistent AF. Accurate identification of areas of high dominant frequency (DF) is often hampered by limited spatial resolution. Improvements in electrode arrays provide high spatiotemporal resolution, allowing for characterization of the changes that occur during this transition. AF was induced in adult Yorkshire swine by atrial tachypacing. DF mapping was performed using personalized mapping arrays. Histological analysis and late gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were performed to determine structural differences in fibrosis. The left atrial epicardium was associated with a significant increase in DF in persistent AF (6.5 ± 0.2 vs. 7.4 ± 0.5 Hz, P = 0.03). The organization index (OI) significantly decreased during persistent AF in both the left atria (0.3 ± 0.03 vs. 0.2 ± 0.03, P = 0.01) and right atria (0.33 ± 0.04 vs. 0.23 ± 0.02, P = 0.02). MRI analysis demonstrated increased ECV values in persistent AF (0.19 vs 0.34, paroxysmal vs persistent, P = 0.05). Tissue sections from the atria showed increase in fibrosis in pigs with persistent AF compared to paroxysmal AF. Staining demonstrated decreased myocardial fiber alignment and loss of anisotropy in persistent AF tissue. Changes in tissue organization and fibrosis are observed in the porcine model of persistent AF. Alterations in frequency activity and organization index can be captured with high resolution using flexible electrode arrays.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D005355 Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. Cirrhosis,Fibroses
D006325 Heart Atria The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation. Heart Atrium,Left Atrium,Right Atrium,Atria, Heart,Atrium, Heart,Atrium, Left,Atrium, Right
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001281 Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. Auricular Fibrillation,Familial Atrial Fibrillation,Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation,Persistent Atrial Fibrillation,Atrial Fibrillation, Familial,Atrial Fibrillation, Paroxysmal,Atrial Fibrillation, Persistent,Atrial Fibrillations,Atrial Fibrillations, Familial,Atrial Fibrillations, Paroxysmal,Atrial Fibrillations, Persistent,Auricular Fibrillations,Familial Atrial Fibrillations,Fibrillation, Atrial,Fibrillation, Auricular,Fibrillation, Familial Atrial,Fibrillation, Paroxysmal Atrial,Fibrillation, Persistent Atrial,Fibrillations, Atrial,Fibrillations, Auricular,Fibrillations, Familial Atrial,Fibrillations, Paroxysmal Atrial,Fibrillations, Persistent Atrial,Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillations,Persistent Atrial Fibrillations
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D020517 Atrial Appendage Ear-shaped appendage of either atrium of the heart. (Dorland, 28th ed) Auricular Appendage,Heart Atrium Appendage,Atrium Appendage,Appendage, Atrial,Appendage, Atrium,Appendage, Auricular,Appendage, Heart Atrium,Appendages, Atrial,Appendages, Atrium,Appendages, Auricular,Appendages, Heart Atrium,Atrial Appendages,Atrium Appendage, Heart,Atrium Appendages,Auricular Appendages,Heart Atrium Appendages

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