Surgical management of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in children: advantages of MesoRex shunt compared with distal splenorenal shunt. 2023

Omar Khamag, and Alp Numanoglu, and Heinz Rode, and Alastair Millar, and Sharon Cox
Division of Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and University of Cape Town, Klipfontein Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa. Omar31.icq@gmail.com.

OBJECTIVE To review surgical management of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and compare MesoRex shunt (MRS) with distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS). METHODS This is a single-centre retrospective review documenting pre- and post-operative data in 21 children. Twenty-two shunts were performed, 15 MRS and 7 DSRS, over an 18-year period. Patients were followed up for a mean of 11 years (range 2-18). Data analysis included demographics, albumin, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), International normalised ratio (INR), fibrinogen, total bilirubin, liver enzymes and platelets before the operation and 2 years after shunt surgery. RESULTS One MRS thrombosed immediately post-surgery and the child was salvaged with DSRS. Variceal bleeding was controlled in both groups. Significant improvements were seen amongst MRS cohort in serum albumin, PT, PTT, and platelets and there was a mild improvement in serum fibrinogen. The DSRS cohort showed only a significant improvement in the platelet count. Neonatal umbilic vein catheterization (UVC) was a major risk for Rex vein obliteration. CONCLUSIONS In EHPVO, MRS is superior to DSRS and improves liver synthetic function. DSRS does control variceal bleeding but should only be considered when MRS is not technically feasible or as a salvage procedure when MRS fails.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D008107 Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. Liver Dysfunction,Disease, Liver,Diseases, Liver,Dysfunction, Liver,Dysfunctions, Liver,Liver Disease,Liver Dysfunctions
D011169 Portal Vein A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein. Portal Veins,Vein, Portal,Veins, Portal
D011170 Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical Surgical venous shunt between the portal and systemic circulation to effect decompression of the portal circulation. It is performed primarily in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices resulting from portal hypertension. Types of shunt include portacaval, splenorenal, mesocaval, splenocaval, left gastric-caval (coronary-caval), portarenal, umbilicorenal, and umbilicocaval. Portosystemic Shunt, Surgical,Portasystemic Shunt,Portosystemic Shunt,Shunt, Surgical Portasystemic,Shunt, Surgical Portosystemic,Surgical Portasystemic Shunt,Surgical Portosystemic Shunt,Portasystemic Shunts,Portasystemic Shunts, Surgical,Portosystemic Shunts,Portosystemic Shunts, Surgical,Shunt, Portasystemic,Shunt, Portosystemic,Shunts, Portasystemic,Shunts, Portosystemic,Shunts, Surgical Portasystemic,Shunts, Surgical Portosystemic,Surgical Portasystemic Shunts,Surgical Portosystemic Shunts
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D004932 Esophageal and Gastric Varices Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Esophageal Varices,Gastric Varices,Esophageal Varix,Gastric Varix,Varices, Esophageal,Varices, Gastric,Varix, Esophageal,Varix, Gastric
D005340 Fibrinogen Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products. Coagulation Factor I,Factor I,Blood Coagulation Factor I,gamma-Fibrinogen,Factor I, Coagulation,gamma Fibrinogen
D006471 Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Hematochezia,Hemorrhage, Gastrointestinal,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhages,Hematochezias

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