Biomaterial Database

Mechanisms of drug resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. 2023

Kexun Zhou, and Shuo Li, and Yi Zhao, and Ke Cheng

Abdominal Oncology Ward, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the form of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 have become the frontier of cancer treatment and successfully prolonged the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But the efficacy varies among different patient population, and many patients succumb to disease progression after an initial response to ICIs. Current research highlights the heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms and the critical role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in ICIs resistance. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms of ICIs resistance in NSCLC, and proposed strategies to overcome resistance.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007167	Immunotherapy	Manipulation of the host's immune system in treatment of disease. It includes both active and passive immunization as well as immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection.	Immunotherapies
D008175	Lung Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	Cancer of Lung,Lung Cancer,Pulmonary Cancer,Pulmonary Neoplasms,Cancer of the Lung,Neoplasms, Lung,Neoplasms, Pulmonary,Cancer, Lung,Cancer, Pulmonary,Cancers, Lung,Cancers, Pulmonary,Lung Cancers,Lung Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Lung,Neoplasm, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Cancers,Pulmonary Neoplasm
D002289	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung	A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung,Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma,Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma,Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer,Carcinoma, Non Small Cell Lung,Carcinomas, Non-Small-Cell Lung,Lung Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell,Lung Carcinomas, Non-Small-Cell,Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma,Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinomas
D004351	Drug Resistance	Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration.	Resistance, Drug
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000082082	Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	Drugs that block negative regulator IMMUNE CHECKPOINT proteins (e.g., PD-1 RECEPTOR and CTLA-4 ANTIGEN) thereby increasing suppressed immune activation in immunotherapies.	CTLA-4 Inhibitor,CTLA-4 Inhibitors,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Inhibitor,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Inhibitors,Immune Checkpoint Blockade,Immune Checkpoint Blockers,Immune Checkpoint Inhibition,Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor,PD-1 Inhibitor,PD-1 Inhibitors,PD-1-PD-L1 Blockade,PD-L1 Inhibitor,PD-L1 Inhibitors,Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor,Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitors,Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Inhibitors,Blockade, PD-1-PD-L1,CTLA 4 Inhibitor,CTLA 4 Inhibitors,Checkpoint Blockade, Immune,Checkpoint Blockers, Immune,Checkpoint Inhibition, Immune,Checkpoint Inhibitor, Immune,Checkpoint Inhibitors, Immune,Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 Inhibitor,Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 Inhibitors,Inhibitor, PD-1,PD 1 Inhibitor,PD 1 Inhibitors,PD 1 PD L1 Blockade,PD L1 Inhibitor,PD L1 Inhibitors,Programmed Death Ligand 1 Inhibitors
D059016	Tumor Microenvironment	The milieu surrounding neoplasms consisting of cells, vessels, soluble factors, and molecules, that can influence and be influenced by, the neoplasm's growth.	Cancer Microenvironment,Cancer Microenvironments,Microenvironment, Cancer,Microenvironment, Tumor,Microenvironments, Cancer,Microenvironments, Tumor,Tumor Microenvironments