Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with schizophrenia. 2023

Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
Department of Psychiatry, Bolu Izzet Baysal Mental Health and Diseases Hospital, Bolu, Turkey. atikegul15@gmail.com.

BACKGROUND Although the immune system is thought to contribute to the etiology of schizophrenia, the mechanism has not been elucidated. Clarifying the relationship between them is important in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention approaches. OBJECTIVE In this study, it is aimed to determine whether there is any difference in serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the group of patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers, whether these values are changed by medical treatment, whether there is any relation between these values and the severity of the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia, and whether NGAL can be used as a biomarker in the diagnosis and the follow-up of the schizophrenia. METHODS A total of 64 patients who were hospitalized in the Psychiatry Clinic of Ankara City Hospital and diagnosed with schizophrenia and 55 healthy volunteers were included in the study. A sociodemographic information form was given to all participants and TNF-α and NGAL values were measured. Positive and Negative Symptoms Rating Scale (PANSS) were applied to the schizophrenia group on admission and follow-up. TNF-α and NGAL levels were re-measured in the 4th week after the start of antipsychotic treatment. RESULTS As a result of the present study, it was found that NGAL levels decreased significantly after antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia patients hospitalized with exacerbation. There was no significant correlation between NGAL and TNF-α levels among schizophrenia and the control group. CONCLUSIONS In psychiatric diseases, especially schizophrenia, there may be differences in immune and inflammatory markers compared to the healthy population. After treatment, the NGAL levels of the patients at follow-up were reduced compared to the levels at admission. It can be thought that NGAL may be related to psychopathology in schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment. This is the first follow-up study for NGAL levels in schizophrenia.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011518 Proto-Oncogene Proteins Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity. Cellular Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-onc Proteins,Proto Oncogene Proteins, Cellular,Proto-Oncogene Products, Cellular,Cellular Proto Oncogene Proteins,Cellular Proto-Oncogene Products,Proto Oncogene Products, Cellular,Proto Oncogene Proteins,Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Cellular,c onc Proteins
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000071068 Lipocalin-2 A lipocalin of approximately 200 amino acids that functions as an iron transporter and is expressed by cells of BONE MARROW and many other cells with secretory functions. It is involved in APOPTOSIS and may function to limit pathogenic bacterial growth as part of the INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE. Lipocalin-2 Protein,NGAL Protein,Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin,Oncogene 24p3 Protein,Siderocalin Protein,Lipocalin 2,Lipocalin 2 Protein,Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin
D000209 Acute-Phase Proteins Proteins that are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. These proteins can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumor markers. Acute Phase Reactant,Acute-Phase Glycoprotein,Acute-Phase Reactant,Acute-Phase Reactants,Proteins, Acute-Phase,Reactants, Acute-Phase,Acute-Phase Glycoproteins,Acute-Phase Protein,Acute Phase Glycoprotein,Acute Phase Glycoproteins,Acute Phase Protein,Acute Phase Proteins,Acute Phase Reactants,Glycoprotein, Acute-Phase,Glycoproteins, Acute-Phase,Phase Reactant, Acute,Protein, Acute-Phase,Proteins, Acute Phase,Reactant, Acute Phase,Reactant, Acute-Phase,Reactants, Acute Phase
D012559 Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. Dementia Praecox,Schizophrenic Disorders,Disorder, Schizophrenic,Disorders, Schizophrenic,Schizophrenias,Schizophrenic Disorder
D014150 Antipsychotic Agents Agents that control agitated psychotic behavior, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in SCHIZOPHRENIA; senile dementia; transient psychosis following surgery; or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus. Antipsychotic,Antipsychotic Agent,Antipsychotic Drug,Antipsychotic Medication,Major Tranquilizer,Neuroleptic,Neuroleptic Agent,Neuroleptic Drug,Neuroleptics,Tranquilizing Agents, Major,Antipsychotic Drugs,Antipsychotic Effect,Antipsychotic Effects,Antipsychotics,Major Tranquilizers,Neuroleptic Agents,Neuroleptic Drugs,Tranquillizing Agents, Major,Agent, Antipsychotic,Agent, Neuroleptic,Drug, Antipsychotic,Drug, Neuroleptic,Effect, Antipsychotic,Major Tranquilizing Agents,Major Tranquillizing Agents,Medication, Antipsychotic,Tranquilizer, Major
D014409 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS. Cachectin,TNF-alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2,Cachectin-Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF Superfamily, Member 2,TNFalpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor,Cachectin Tumor Necrosis Factor,Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
D015415 Biomarkers Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc. Biochemical Markers,Biological Markers,Biomarker,Clinical Markers,Immunologic Markers,Laboratory Markers,Markers, Biochemical,Markers, Biological,Markers, Clinical,Markers, Immunologic,Markers, Laboratory,Markers, Serum,Markers, Surrogate,Markers, Viral,Serum Markers,Surrogate Markers,Viral Markers,Biochemical Marker,Biologic Marker,Biologic Markers,Clinical Marker,Immune Marker,Immune Markers,Immunologic Marker,Laboratory Marker,Marker, Biochemical,Marker, Biological,Marker, Clinical,Marker, Immunologic,Marker, Laboratory,Marker, Serum,Marker, Surrogate,Serum Marker,Surrogate End Point,Surrogate End Points,Surrogate Endpoint,Surrogate Endpoints,Surrogate Marker,Viral Marker,Biological Marker,End Point, Surrogate,End Points, Surrogate,Endpoint, Surrogate,Endpoints, Surrogate,Marker, Biologic,Marker, Immune,Marker, Viral,Markers, Biologic,Markers, Immune
D054834 Lipocalins A diverse family of extracellular proteins that bind to small hydrophobic molecules. They were originally characterized as transport proteins, however they may have additional roles such as taking part in the formation of macromolecular complexes with other proteins and binding to CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. Lipocalin

Related Publications

Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
January 2018, Journal of affective disorders,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
December 2010, Immunity & ageing : I & A,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
January 2012, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
June 2012, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
January 2012, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
January 2016, PloS one,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
March 2024, Acta diabetologica,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
January 2015, Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
November 2009, Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association,
Atike Gül Çakıl, and Hasan Kaya, and Arzu Sakallı Nural, and Işık Batuhan Çakmak, and İhsan Tuncer Okay, and Erol Göka
April 2024, Journal of psychiatric research,
Copied contents to your clipboard!