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Stable and durable antibody responses in SARS-recovered donors vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. 2023

Tingting Jia, and Yuankai Wu, and Guancheng Liao, and Yuxuan Lei, and Zhengyu Wu, and Fangji Yang, and Jiamin Chen, and Qian Xie, and Chuming Luo, and Yutian Chong, and Huanle Luo, and Yuelong Shu
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.

Whether the immune imprinting caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) affects the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has attracted global concern. Little is known about the dynamic changes of antibody response in SARS convalescents inoculated with three doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine although lack of cross-neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in SARS survivors has been reported. We longitudinally examined the neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 as well as spikes binding IgA, IgG, IgM, IgG1, and IgG3 antibodies in 9 SARS-recovered donors and 21 SARS-naïve donors. Stably higher nAbs and spike antigens-specific IgA, IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were observed in SARS-recovered donors compared with SARS-naïve donors during the period with two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccination. However, the third-dose BBIBP-CorV stimulated a sharply and shortly higher increase of nAbs in SARS-naïve donors than in SARS-recovered donors. It is worth noting that, regardless of prior SARS infection, the Omicron subvariants were found to subvert immune responses. Moreover, certain subvariants such as BA.2, BA.2.75, or BA.5 exhibited a high degree of immune evasion in SARS survivors. Interestingly, BBIBP-CorV recalled higher nAbs against SARS-CoV compared with SARS-CoV-2 in SARS-recovered donors. In SARS survivors, a single dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine provoked immune imprinting for the SARS antigen, providing protection against wild-type SARS-CoV-2, and the earlier variants of concern (VOCs) including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta but not against Omicron subvariants. As such, it is important to evaluate the type and dosage of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for SARS survivors.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007070 Immunoglobulin A Represents 15-20% of the human serum immunoglobulins, mostly as the 4-chain polymer in humans or dimer in other mammals. Secretory IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) is the main immunoglobulin in secretions. IgA,IgA Antibody,IgA1,IgA2,Antibody, IgA
D007074 Immunoglobulin G The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B. Gamma Globulin, 7S,IgG,IgG Antibody,Allerglobuline,IgG(T),IgG1,IgG2,IgG2A,IgG2B,IgG3,IgG4,Immunoglobulin GT,Polyglobin,7S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgG,GT, Immunoglobulin
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000086382 COVID-19 A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS; KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent. 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease,2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection,2019-nCoV Disease,2019-nCoV Infection,COVID-19 Pandemic,COVID-19 Pandemics,COVID-19 Virus Disease,COVID-19 Virus Infection,Coronavirus Disease 2019,Coronavirus Disease-19,SARS Coronavirus 2 Infection,SARS-CoV-2 Infection,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection,COVID19,2019 nCoV Disease,2019 nCoV Infection,2019-nCoV Diseases,2019-nCoV Infections,COVID 19,COVID 19 Pandemic,COVID 19 Virus Disease,COVID 19 Virus Infection,COVID-19 Virus Diseases,COVID-19 Virus Infections,Coronavirus Disease 19,Disease 2019, Coronavirus,Disease, 2019-nCoV,Disease, COVID-19 Virus,Infection, 2019-nCoV,Infection, COVID-19 Virus,Infection, SARS-CoV-2,Pandemic, COVID-19,SARS CoV 2 Infection,SARS-CoV-2 Infections,Virus Disease, COVID-19,Virus Infection, COVID-19
D000086402 SARS-CoV-2 A species of BETACORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (COVID-19) in humans. The organism was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China. The natural host is the Chinese intermediate horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS affinis. 2019 Novel Coronavirus,COVID-19 Virus,COVID19 Virus,Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus,SARS Coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2 Virus,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,Wuhan Coronavirus,Wuhan Seafood Market Pneumonia Virus,2019-nCoV,2019 Novel Coronaviruses,COVID 19 Virus,COVID-19 Viruses,COVID19 Viruses,Coronavirus 2, SARS,Coronavirus, 2019 Novel,Coronavirus, Wuhan,Novel Coronavirus, 2019,SARS CoV 2 Virus,SARS-CoV-2 Viruses,Virus, COVID-19,Virus, COVID19,Virus, SARS-CoV-2,Viruses, COVID19
D000086663 COVID-19 Vaccines Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing SARS-CoV-2 component antigens, genetic materials, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus, and designed to prevent COVID-19. 2019 Novel Coronavirus Vaccine,2019 Novel Coronavirus Vaccines,2019-nCoV Vaccine,2019-nCoV Vaccines,COVID 19 Vaccine,COVID-19 Vaccine,COVID-19 Virus Vaccine,COVID-19 Virus Vaccines,COVID19 Vaccine,COVID19 Vaccines,COVID19 Virus Vaccine,COVID19 Virus Vaccines,Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine,Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines,Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus Vaccine,Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus Vaccines,Coronavirus Disease-19 Vaccine,Coronavirus Disease-19 Vaccines,SARS Coronavirus 2 Vaccines,SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine,SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines,SARS2 Vaccine,SARS2 Vaccines,2019 nCoV Vaccine,2019 nCoV Vaccines,COVID 19 Vaccines,COVID 19 Virus Vaccine,COVID 19 Virus Vaccines,Coronavirus Disease 19 Vaccine,Coronavirus Disease 19 Vaccines,SARS CoV 2 Vaccine,SARS CoV 2 Vaccines,Vaccine, 2019-nCoV,Vaccine, COVID 19,Vaccine, COVID-19,Vaccine, COVID-19 Virus,Vaccine, COVID19,Vaccine, COVID19 Virus,Vaccine, Coronavirus Disease-19,Vaccine, SARS-CoV-2,Vaccine, SARS2,Vaccines, 2019-nCoV,Vaccines, COVID-19,Vaccines, COVID-19 Virus,Vaccines, COVID19,Vaccines, COVID19 Virus,Vaccines, Coronavirus Disease-19,Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2,Vaccines, SARS2,Virus Vaccine, COVID-19,Virus Vaccine, COVID19,Virus Vaccines, COVID-19,Virus Vaccines, COVID19
D000914 Antibodies, Viral Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS. Viral Antibodies
D000917 Antibody Formation The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS. Antibody Production,Antibody Response,Antibody Responses,Formation, Antibody,Production, Antibody,Response, Antibody,Responses, Antibody
D045473 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus A species of CORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME) in humans. The organism is believed to have first emerged in Guangdong Province, China, in 2002. The natural host is the Chinese horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS sinicus. HCoV-SARS,SARS Virus,SARS-Associated Coronavirus,SARS-CoV,SARS-CoV-1,SARS-like coronavirus,SARSr-CoV,SARSrCoV,Sarbecovirus,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus,SARS Coronavirus,SARS-Related Coronavirus,Urbani SARS-Associated Coronavirus,Coronavirus, SARS,Coronavirus, SARS-Associated,Coronavirus, SARS-Related,Coronavirus, Urbani SARS-Associated,SARS Associated Coronavirus,SARS Related Coronavirus,SARS like coronavirus,SARS-Associated Coronavirus, Urbani,SARS-like coronaviruses,SARSrCoVs,Sarbecoviruses,Severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus,Urbani SARS Associated Coronavirus
D057134 Antibodies, Neutralizing Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. Neutralizing Antibodies,Antibody, Neutralizing,Neutralizing Antibody

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