Autoimmune Skin Conditions: Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus. 2023

Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
Department of Dermatology - Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA 17033.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a spectrum of autoimmune skin conditions associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CLE and SLE may exist concurrently or independently. Accurate recognition of CLE is crucial because it may herald systemic disease onset. Lupus-specific skin conditions include acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ACLE) which manifests as a malar or butterfly rash; subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE); and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, which includes discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). All three types of CLE present as pink-violet macules or plaques with unique morphology, in areas of sun-exposed skin. Association with SLE differs: ACLE is most closely associated, with SCLE in the middle, and DLE the least so. All types of CLE are pruritic, sting, and burn, and DLE can result in disfiguring scarring. All CLE is exacerbated by UV light exposure and smoking. Diagnosis combines clinical evaluation with skin biopsy. Management focuses on mitigating modifiable risk factors and using pharmacotherapy. UV protection includes use of sun protective factor (SPF) 60 or higher sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, avoidance of sun exposure, and use of physical barrier clothing. Topical therapies and antimalarial drugs are first-line, followed by systemic therapies (eg, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, biologic therapies [eg, anifrolumab, belimumab], or other advanced systemic drugs).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008178 Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into three forms - acute ( Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous, Subacute,Lupus Erythematosus, Subacute Cutaneous,Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
D008179 Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare. It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur. Lupus Erythematosus, Chronic Cutaneous,Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous, Chronic,Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
D008180 Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. Libman-Sacks Disease,Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,Disease, Libman-Sacks,Libman Sacks Disease
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000208 Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. Acute Diseases,Disease, Acute,Diseases, Acute
D012867 Skin The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D018501 Antirheumatic Agents Drugs that are used to treat RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Anti-Rheumatic Agent,Anti-Rheumatic Drug,Antirheumatic Agent,Antirheumatic Disease-Modifying Second-Line Drug,Antirheumatic Drug,DMARD,Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug,Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs,Anti-Rheumatic Agents,Anti-Rheumatic Agents, Non-Steroidal,Anti-Rheumatic Drugs,Antirheumatic Disease-Modifying Second-Line Drugs,Antirheumatic Drugs,Antirheumatic Drugs, Disease-Modifying,Disease-Modifying, Antirheumatic Second-Line Drugs,Agent, Anti-Rheumatic,Agent, Antirheumatic,Anti Rheumatic Agent,Anti Rheumatic Agents,Anti Rheumatic Agents, Non Steroidal,Anti Rheumatic Drug,Anti Rheumatic Drugs,Antirheumatic Disease Modifying Second Line Drug,Antirheumatic Disease Modifying Second Line Drugs,Antirheumatic Drug, Disease-Modifying,Antirheumatic Drugs, Disease Modifying,Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drug,Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs,Disease Modifying, Antirheumatic Second Line Drugs,Drug, Anti-Rheumatic,Drug, Antirheumatic,Drug, Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic,Non-Steroidal Anti-Rheumatic Agents

Related Publications

Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
July 2020, FP essentials,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
July 1979, The British journal of dermatology,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
December 1967, The Australasian journal of dermatology,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
June 2013, Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
June 2018, JAMA dermatology,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
November 2021, JAMA dermatology,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
April 2015, Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
July 2022, Nature reviews. Rheumatology,
Galen Foulke, and Leesha A Helm, and Karl T Clebak, and Matthew Helm
May 2020, The British journal of dermatology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!