Workplace gender discrimination in the nursing workforce-An integrative review. 2023

Patricia Gauci, and Lauretta Luck, and Kate O'Reilly, and Kath Peters
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

OBJECTIVE To critically synthesise the literature that explores the experiences of workplace gender discrimination from the perspective of registered nurses. METHODS Integrative review. METHODS Primary research articles reporting on the experience of workplace gender discrimination towards registered nurses in any setting were eligible for inclusion. Studies were critically appraised for methodological quality using a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Program list. The six phases of thematic analysis proposed by Braun and Clarke (2006) were used to guide the analysis. Data were extracted and coded, and themes were identified according to the review aims and significant findings of each study. METHODS CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, published between January 2012 and June 2022. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Major themes identified were (1) career progression, (2) career interruption, (3) positioning of men in nursing and (4) positioning of women in nursing. CONCLUSIONS This review shows that both men and women in nursing experience workplace gender discrimination; however, the forms and consequences of this discrimination differ substantially by gender. It is important that the pursuit of greater numerical representation of men in nursing does not result in further reinforcing patriarchal advantage. Professional development for nurse leaders in managing gender issues is recommended. CONCLUSIONS This integrative review presents current issues on workplace gender discrimination for men and women in nursing. The findings suggest gender roles and norms have an effect on the careers of both men and women in nursing. The time has come to alter restrictive gender norms and to challenge notions of hegemonic masculinity and femininity. We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines-PRISMA. For this literature review on workplace gender discrimination for registered nurses, we did not engage members of the patient population, nor the general public.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009726 Nurses Professionals qualified by graduation from an accredited school of nursing and by passage of a national licensing examination to practice nursing. They provide services to patients requiring assistance in recovering or maintaining their physical or mental health. Nursing Personnel,Personnel, Nursing,Registered Nurses,Nurse,Nurse, Registered,Nurses, Registered,Registered Nurse
D009740 Nursing Staff Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in an organized facility, institution, or agency. Nursing Staffs,Staff, Nursing,Staffs, Nursing
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000078329 Workforce The number of people working or available for work or service. Human Resources,Labor Supply,Manpower,Staffing,Womanpower,Human Resource,Labor Supplies,Manpowers,Staffings,Supply, Labor,Womanpowers,Workforces
D017132 Workplace Place or physical location of work or employment. Job Site,Work Location,Work Place,Work-Site,Worksite,Job Sites,Location, Work,Work Locations,Work Places,Work Site,Work-Sites,Workplaces,Worksites
D063507 Sexism Prejudice or discrimination based on gender or behavior or attitudes that foster stereotyped social roles based on gender. Gender Bias,Gender Discrimination,Sex Bias,Sexual Discrimination,Gender Issues,Sex Discrimination,Bias, Gender,Bias, Sex,Discrimination, Gender,Discrimination, Sex,Discrimination, Sexual

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