Successful management of pelvic urethral strictures with balloon dilation in 3 cats. 2023

Tara N Hammond, and Ryan G King, and Kelson C Danielson
Department of Emergency/Critical Care, Tufts Veterinary Emergency Treatment & Specialties, Walpole, Massachusetts, USA.

OBJECTIVE To describe the successful management of pelvic urethral strictures in 3 young cats (1 after perineal urethrostomy, 1 after a third-time urethral obstruction, and 1 with prolonged lower urinary tract signs post-urethral obstruction) using balloon dilation and a short-term, indwelling urethral catheter. METHODS A 9-month-old neutered male domestic longhair cat with a urethral obstruction and a suspected congenitally narrowed urethra was treated via perineal urethrostomy. The cat later developed acute kidney injury, multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections, and a pelvic urethral stricture. A second case, a 2.3-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat, developed a stricture of the pelvic urethra after multiple obstructions and catheterizations. A third case, a 1.2-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat, had persistent and prolonged lower urinary tract signs after treatment for a urinary obstruction. The cat also had an abnormally small urethral opening and was ultimately found to have a proximal urethral stricture. The strictures in all 3 cases were successfully treated with a combination of fluoroscopic-guided balloon dilation and short-term indwelling urethral catheterization while managing any present infection. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, this is the first published case series of successful balloon dilations paired with the use of a short-term indwelling urethral catheter in cats that developed urethral strictures after catheterization due to urinary obstructions. This procedure appears safe and well tolerated and appears to offer a long-term, cost-effective solution to urethral strictures at the level of the pelvis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010388 Pelvis The space or compartment surrounded by the pelvic girdle (bony pelvis). It is subdivided into the greater pelvis and LESSER PELVIS. The pelvic girdle is formed by the PELVIC BONES and SACRUM. Pelvic Region,Region, Pelvic
D002371 Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used. Feline Diseases,Cat Disease,Disease, Cat,Disease, Feline,Diseases, Cat,Diseases, Feline,Feline Disease
D002415 Cats The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801) Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D004106 Dilatation The act of dilating. Dilation,Dilatations,Dilations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014524 Urethral Obstruction Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void. Obstruction, Urethral,Obstructions, Urethral,Urethral Obstructions
D014525 Urethral Stricture Narrowing of any part of the URETHRA. It is characterized by decreased urinary stream and often other obstructive voiding symptoms. Urethral Stenosis,Anterior Urethral Stricture,Posterior Urethral Stricture,Urethral Stricture, Anterior,Urethral Stricture, Posterior,Anterior Urethral Strictures,Posterior Urethral Strictures,Stenoses, Urethral,Stenosis, Urethral,Stricture, Urethral,Strictures, Urethral,Urethral Stenoses,Urethral Strictures,Urethral Strictures, Anterior,Urethral Strictures, Posterior
D014546 Urinary Catheterization Passage of a CATHETER into the URINARY BLADDER or kidney. Catheterization, Ureteral,Catheterization, Urethral,Catheterization, Urinary,Foley Catheterization,Ureteral Catheterization,Urethral Catheterization,Catheterization, Foley,Catheterizations, Ureteral,Catheterizations, Urethral,Catheterizations, Urinary,Ureteral Catheterizations,Urethral Catheterizations,Urinary Catheterizations

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