Photosynthesis in the near infrared: the γ subunit of Blastochloris viridis LH1 red-shifts absorption beyond 1000 nm. 2023

Andrew Hitchcock, and David J K Swainsbury, and C Neil Hunter
Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.

The reaction centre (RC) in purple phototrophic bacteria is encircled by the primary light-harvesting complex 1 (LH1) antenna, forming the RC-LH1 'core' complex. The Qy absorption maximum of LH1 complexes ranges from ∼875-960 nm in bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a-utilising organisms, to 1018 nm in the BChl b-containing complex from Blastochloris (Blc.) viridis. The red-shifted absorption of the Blc. viridis LH1 was predicted to be due in part to the presence of the γ subunit unique to Blastochloris spp., which binds to the exterior of the complex and is proposed to increase packing and excitonic coupling of the BChl pigments. The study by Namoon et al. provides experimental evidence for the red-shifting role of the γ subunit and an evolutionary rationale for its incorporation into LH1. The authors show that cells producing RC-LH1 lacking the γ subunit absorb maximally at 972 nm, 46 nm to the blue of the wild-type organism. Wavelengths in the 900-1000 nm region of the solar spectrum transmit poorly through water, thus γ shifts absorption of LH1 to a region where photons have lower energy but are more abundant. Complementation of the mutant with a divergent copy of LH1γ resulted in an intermediate red shift, revealing the possibility of tuning LH1 absorption using engineered variants of this subunit. These findings provide new insights into photosynthesis in the lowest energy phototrophs and how the absorption properties of light-harvesting complexes are modified by the recruitment of additional subunits.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010788 Photosynthesis The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001) Calvin Cycle,Calvin-Benson Cycle,Calvin-Benson-Bassham Cycle,Carbon Fixation, Photosynthetic,Reductive Pentose Phosphate Cycle,Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis,Calvin Benson Bassham Cycle,Calvin Benson Cycle,Cycle, Calvin,Cycle, Calvin-Benson,Cycle, Calvin-Benson-Bassham,Photosynthesis Dark Reaction,Photosynthesis Dark Reactions,Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D045342 Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes Complexes containing CHLOROPHYLL and other photosensitive molecules. They serve to capture energy in the form of PHOTONS and are generally found as components of the PHOTOSYSTEM I PROTEIN COMPLEX or the PHOTOSYSTEM II PROTEIN COMPLEX. Antenna Complexes, Light-Harvesting,Light-Harvesting Antenna Complexes,Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll Protein,Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll Protein Complexes,Antenna Complexes, Light Harvesting,Chlorophyll Protein, Light-Harvesting,Complexes, Light-Harvesting Antenna,Complexes, Light-Harvesting Protein,Light Harvesting Antenna Complexes,Light Harvesting Chlorophyll Protein,Light Harvesting Chlorophyll Protein Complexes,Light Harvesting Protein Complexes,Protein Complexes, Light-Harvesting
D020560 Proteobacteria A phylum of bacteria consisting of the purple bacteria and their relatives which form a branch of the eubacterial tree. This group of predominantly gram-negative bacteria is classified based on homology of equivalent nucleotide sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA or by hybridization of ribosomal RNA or DNA with 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA. Bacteria, Purple,Purple Bacteria
D041921 Hyphomicrobiaceae A family in the order Rhizobiales, class ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA comprised of many genera of budding or appendaged bacteria.

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