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Rupture of the ventricular septum after acute transmural myocardial infarction occurred in four patients aged between 53 and 79 years. The rupture was verified by means of right-side cardiac catheterization. Only in two cases did two-dimensional echocardiography reveal the rupture; in both cases the rupture site located by echocardiography was confirmed at autopsy. In each of the four patients the left-to-right shunt could be identified by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography which showed a turbulence in the right ventricle. Furthermore, the combination of two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography allowed a correct localization of the turbulent left-to-right flow in all cases. In view of these findings, the combination of Doppler echocardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography may be regarded as a suitable method for a readily available, non-invasive diagnosis of ventricular septum rupture in patients with acute myocardial infarction in an intensive care unit.
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