Acupuncture for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A clinical practice guideline. 2023

Xiaochao Luo, and Jiali Liu, and Qianrui Li, and Jiping Zhao, and Qiukui Hao, and Ling Zhao, and Yemeng Chen, and Pengbin Yin, and Ling Li, and Fanrong Liang, and Xin Sun
Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Cochrane China Center and MAGIC China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

OBJECTIVE Is acupuncture effective in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA)? BACKGROUND Although increasingly used in the clinical setting, acupuncture is not mentioned or weakly recommended in guidelines for the treatment of KOA. CONCLUSIONS We suggest acupuncture rather than no treatment in adult KOA (weak recommendation, moderate certainty evidence), and acupuncture combined with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) rather than acupuncture alone when KOA symptoms are severe (weak recommendation, moderate certainty evidence), with duration of acupuncture for 4-8 weeks depending on KOA severity and treatment response (weak recommendation, moderate certainty evidence), and discussing with patients in shared decision-making. This rapid recommendation was developed following the Making GRADE the Irresistible Choice (MAGIC) methodological framework. First, the clinical specialist identified the topic of recommendation and demand for evidence. Then the independent evidence synthesis group performed a systematic review to summarize available evidence and evaluate the evidence using the GRADE approach. Finally, the clinical specialist group produced recommendations for practice through a consensus procedure. The linked systematic review and meta-analysis included 9422 KOA patients, 61.1% of whom were women. The median mean age was 61.8 years. Compared with no treatment, acupuncture had beneficial effect on KOA in improving the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score (moderate certainty evidence), and WOMAC pain (very low certainty evidence), WOMAC stiffness (low certainty evidence), and WOMAC function (low certainty evidence) subscale scores. Compared with usual care, acupuncture improved WOMAC stiffness subscale score (moderate certainty evidence). Subgroup analyses showed different effects in the improvement of WOMAC total scores by different durations of acupuncture and whether acupuncture combined with NSAIDs, but no difference between manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture was found. Compared with no treatment, acupuncture is suggested to reduce pain, stiffness, and disfunction in KOA patients, ultimately improving the patient's health status. Acupuncture can be used as an alternative therapy when usual care is ineffective or there are adverse reactions so that patients can no longer continue the treatment. Manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture is suggested for 4-8 weeks to improve the health status of KOA. The patient's values and preferences should be considered when selecting acupuncture for KOA treatment.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000894 Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects. Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory,Aspirin-Like Agent,Aspirin-Like Agents,NSAID,Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agent,Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agent,Anti Inflammatory Agents, Nonsteroidal,Antiinflammatory Agents, Non Steroidal,Antiinflammatory Agents, Nonsteroidal,NSAIDs,Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents,Agent, Aspirin-Like,Agent, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory,Agent, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory,Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Non-Steroidal,Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Nonsteroidal,Anti-Inflammatory Analgesics,Aspirin Like Agent,Aspirin Like Agents,Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agent,Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Agent,Nonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Agents
D015670 Acupuncture Therapy Treatment of disease by inserting needles along specific pathways or meridians. The placement varies with the disease being treated. It is sometimes used in conjunction with heat, moxibustion, acupressure, or electric stimulation. Acupotomy,Acupuncture Treatment,Pharmacoacupuncture Therapy,Pharmacoacupuncture Treatment,Therapy, Acupuncture,Acupotomies,Acupuncture Treatments,Therapy, Pharmacoacupuncture,Treatment, Acupuncture,Treatment, Pharmacoacupuncture
D015671 Electroacupuncture A form of acupuncture with electrical impulses passing through the needles to stimulate NERVE TISSUE. It can be used for ANALGESIA; ANESTHESIA; REHABILITATION; and treatment for diseases.
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D020370 Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) Osteoarthritis of Knee,Osteoarthritis of the Knee,Knee Osteoarthritides,Knee Osteoarthritis

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