Biomaterial Database

Sodium butyrate supplementation impacts the gastrointestinal bacteria of dairy calves before weaning. 2023

Lu Ma, and Yi Yang, and Wenhui Liu, and Dengpan Bu

State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.

The objective of this study was to systematically investigate how sodium butyrate (SB) affects the gastrointestinal bacteria in newborn calves at different stages before weaning. Forty female newborn Holstein calves (4-day-old, 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were randomly divided into four groups; each group was supplemented with four SB doses: 0, 15, 30, and 45 g/day (ten replicates) in SB0, SB15, SB30, and SB45 groups, respectively. SB was fed with milk replacer from day 4 to day 60. Rumen fluid and feces were collected on days 2, 14, 28, 42, and 60 for 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Data were analyzed in a complete randomized design and analyzed on the online platform of Majorbio Cloud Platform. The results showed that SB significantly increased the α-diversity in feces, especially Shannon and Chao indices in SB45 and SB30 at day 60 more than in SB15 (P < 0.05). Additionally, SB significantly enhanced Firmicutes growth from day 2 to 28 and also increased Bacteroides abundance from day 28 to 42 in rumen and feces (P < 0.05). SB also significantly inhibited Proteobacteria abundance in rumen and feces during the study period (P < 0.05). SB also promoted some potential beneficial bacterial abundance, including Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, and Muribaculaceae (P < 0.05). Additionally, Escherichia-Shigella abundance at SB0 was significantly lower than in the other groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study firstly reported a dynamic curve showing of the SB effects on bacteria in calves before weaning. This study provides valuable evidence for the development of the gastrointestinal tract of the calves in the early stage of the life. SB supplementation improved the gastrointestinal health by regulating the bacterial populations. KEY POINTS: • The gastrointestinal tract of calves has been improved after the SB supplementation. • Microbes were the vital influential factor in the development of calves. • Intervention before weaning is an effective strategy for calf health.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008892	Milk	The off-white liquid secreted by the mammary glands of humans and other mammals. It contains proteins, sugar, lipids, vitamins, and minerals.	Cow Milk,Cow's Milk,Milk, Cow,Milk, Cow's
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821	Animal Feed	Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.	Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D001419	Bacteria	One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.	Eubacteria
D012336	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S	Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.	16S Ribosomal RNA,16S rRNA,RNA, 16S Ribosomal,Ribosomal RNA, 16S,rRNA, 16S
D012417	Rumen	The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)	Rumens