Narcolepsy: Mending a broken neural circuit that controls arousal. 2023

Giancarlo Vanini
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: gvanini,@,umich.edu.

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder caused by insufficient levels of orexins, with current treatment options addressing symptoms rather than etiology. New research reveals that transplantation of orexin cells in a mouse model of narcolepsy reduces cataplexy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009290 Narcolepsy A condition characterized by recurrent episodes of daytime somnolence and lapses in consciousness (microsomnias) that may be associated with automatic behaviors and AMNESIA. CATAPLEXY; SLEEP PARALYSIS, and hypnagogic HALLUCINATIONS frequently accompany narcolepsy. The pathophysiology of this disorder includes sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which normally follows stage III or IV sleep. (From Neurology 1998 Feb;50(2 Suppl 1):S2-S7) Gelineau Syndrome,Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndrome,Paroxysmal Sleep,Gelineau's Syndrome,Narcoleptic Syndrome,Gelineau's Syndromes,Gelineaus Syndrome,Narcolepsy Cataplexy Syndrome,Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndromes,Narcoleptic Syndromes,Sleep, Paroxysmal,Syndrome, Gelineau,Syndrome, Gelineau's,Syndrome, Narcolepsy-Cataplexy,Syndrome, Narcoleptic,Syndromes, Gelineau's,Syndromes, Narcolepsy-Cataplexy,Syndromes, Narcoleptic
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002385 Cataplexy A condition characterized by transient weakness or paralysis of somatic musculature triggered by an emotional stimulus or physical exertion. Cataplexy is frequently associated with NARCOLEPSY. During a cataplectic attack, there is a marked reduction in muscle tone similar to the normal physiologic hypotonia that accompanies rapid eye movement sleep (SLEEP, REM). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p396) Henneberg Syndrome,Status Cataplexicus,Tonelessness Syndrome,Cataleptic Attacks,Attack, Cataleptic,Attacks, Cataleptic,Cataleptic Attack,Syndrome, Henneberg,Syndrome, Tonelessness,Syndromes, Tonelessness,Tonelessness Syndromes
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000068797 Orexins Neuropeptide hormones that play a role in regulating a variety of behavioral and physiological processes in response to motivational stimuli. Hypocretin,Orexin,Hypocretin-1,Hypocretin-2,Hypocretins,Orexin-A,Orexin-B,Hypocretin 1,Hypocretin 2,Orexin A,Orexin B
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001143 Arousal Cortical vigilance or readiness of tone, presumed to be in response to sensory stimulation via the reticular activating system. Vigilance, Cortical,Arousals,Cortical Vigilance
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus

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