Endobronchial mucormycosis diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. 2023

Hebatallah Hany Assal, and Sabah Ahmed Hussein, and Ahmed Mostafa, and Dalia Abd El-Kareem, and Mostafa Alfishawy, and Maged Salah, and Habiballah Galal Mohammed
Department of Chest Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Al Kasr Al Aini, Old Cairo, Cairo, Cairo Governorate 4240310, Egypt.

Endobronchial mucormycosis is very rare with only few cases reported in the literature. Here, we report a rare presentation of pulmonary mucormycosis in a diabetic patient who presented with left lung collapse. Bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial growth, mimicking a tumor, causing complete occlusion of the left main bronchus. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis. Male patient 35 years old with accidental discovered Diabetes Mellitus, complained of hoarseness of voice and dry irritating cough that didn't respond to antitussives and nonspecific treatment. CT chest was done and revealed left total lung collapse. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was done and revealed total occlusion of the left main bronchus with whitish fungating glistening tissue from which biopsies were obtained. Histopathological examination was consistent with mucormycosis. A trial of medical treatment failed after which the patient was referred for surgical resection. Successful treatment of mucormycosis requires early diagnosis; prompt administration of antifungal therapy, and surgical intervention when applicable. Aggressive surgical intervention to remove necrotic tissue is generally accepted as the therapeutic mainstay for endobronchial obstructing mucormycosis.

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