The nature of reverse phase reflex eye movement. 1986

Y Mitsui, and O Tamura

The unusual phenomenon of reverse phase reflex eye movement was first described by Ishikawa. In this study the reflex frequency response was examined by electrooculography. In typical cases a reflex was observed by repeated forced duction up to 9 Hz. As a result it was postulated that proprioception is usually involved in reverse phase reflex eye movement, because visual eye movement cannot respond to a movement beyond 1 Hz. When the lag-times between the peaks of forced duction in one eye and those of the reflex movement in the other were measured, they were almost zero or even negative at high frequencies of forced duction as 6 and 9 Hz. This phase advance of the reflex movement was explained only when the receptor of the reflex had a dynamic response, because 90 degrees phase advance results in a reflex through such a receptor. The primary ending of muscle spindle represents such a receptor. The magician's forceps phenomenon as first discovered by Mitsui in exotropia is supposed to be a blocking reflex through the tendon organ. The transmission lag-times of both reflexes can be as short as 20 msec, but must be slightly longer to consider them to be monosynaptic.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D012018 Reflex An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D004585 Electrooculography Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium. EOG,Electrooculograms,Electrooculogram
D005133 Eye Movements Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye. Eye Movement,Movement, Eye,Movements, Eye
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor

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