In our previous work, a recombinant aflatoxin-degrading enzyme derived from Myxococcus fulvus (MADE) was reported. However, the low thermal stability of the enzyme had limitations for its use in industrial applications. In this study, we obtained an improved variant of recombinant MADE (rMADE) with enhanced thermostability and catalytic activity using error-prone PCR. Firstly, we constructed a mutant library containing over 5000 individual mutants. Three mutants with T50 values higher than the wild-type rMADE by 16.5 °C (rMADE-1124), 6.5 °C (rMADE-1795), and 9.8 °C (rMADE-2848) were screened by a high-throughput screening method. Additionally, the catalytic activity of rMADE-1795 and rMADE-2848 was improved by 81.5% and 67.7%, respectively, compared to the wild-type. Moreover, structural analysis revealed that replacement of acidic amino acids with basic amino acids by a mutation (D114H) in rMADE-2848 increased the polar interactions with surrounding residues and resulted in a threefold increase in the t1/2 value of the enzyme and made it more thermaltolerate. KEY POINTS: • Mutant libraries construction of a new aflatoxins degrading enzyme by error-prone PCR. • D114H/N295D mutant improved enzyme activity and thermostability. • The first reported enhanced thermostability of aflatoxins degrading enzyme better for its application.