Automatic International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (AIHS4): A novel tool to assess the severity of hidradenitis suppurativa using artificial intelligence. 2023

Ignacio Hernández Montilla, and Alfonso Medela, and Taig Mac Carthy, and Andy Aguilar, and Pedro Gómez Tejerina, and Alejandro Vilas Sueiro, and Ana María González Pérez, and Laura Vergara de la Campa, and Loreto Luna Bastante, and Rubén García Castro, and Fernando Alfageme Roldán
Department of Medical Computer Vision and PROMs, LEGIT.HEALTH, Bilbao, Spain.

BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects up to 4% of the European adult population. International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4) is a dynamic scoring tool that was developed to be incorporated into the doctor's daily clinical practice and clinical studies. This helps measure disease severity and guides the therapeutic strategy. However, IHS4 assessment is a time-consuming and manual process, with high inter-observer variability and high dependence on the observer's expertise. METHODS We introduce the Automatic International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (AIHS4), an automatic equivalent of IHS4 that deploys a deep learning model for lesion detection, called Legit.Health-IHS4net, based on the YOLOv5 architecture. AIHS4 was trained on Legit.Health-HS-IHS4, a collection of HS images manually annotated by six specialists and processed by a novel knowledge unification algorithm. RESULTS Our results show that, with the current dataset size, our tool assesses the severity of HS cases with a performance comparable to that of the most expert physician. Furthermore, the model can be implemented into CADx systems to support doctors in their clinical practice and act as a new endpoint in clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS Our work proves the potential usefulness of artificial intelligence in the practice of evidence-based dermatology: models trained on the consensus of large clinical boards have the potential to empower dermatologists in their daily practice and replace current standard clinical endpoints.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011788 Quality of Life A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral, social environment as well as health and disease. HRQOL,Health-Related Quality Of Life,Life Quality,Health Related Quality Of Life
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D001185 Artificial Intelligence Theory and development of COMPUTER SYSTEMS which perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. Such tasks may include speech recognition, LEARNING; VISUAL PERCEPTION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; reasoning, PROBLEM SOLVING, DECISION-MAKING, and translation of language. AI (Artificial Intelligence),Computer Reasoning,Computer Vision Systems,Knowledge Acquisition (Computer),Knowledge Representation (Computer),Machine Intelligence,Computational Intelligence,Acquisition, Knowledge (Computer),Computer Vision System,Intelligence, Artificial,Intelligence, Computational,Intelligence, Machine,Knowledge Representations (Computer),Reasoning, Computer,Representation, Knowledge (Computer),System, Computer Vision,Systems, Computer Vision,Vision System, Computer,Vision Systems, Computer
D012720 Severity of Illness Index Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder. Illness Index Severities,Illness Index Severity
D015588 Observer Variation The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material). Bias, Observer,Interobserver Variation,Intraobserver Variation,Observer Bias,Inter-Observer Variability,Inter-Observer Variation,Interobserver Variability,Intra-Observer Variability,Intra-Observer Variation,Intraobserver Variability,Inter Observer Variability,Inter Observer Variation,Inter-Observer Variabilities,Inter-Observer Variations,Interobserver Variabilities,Interobserver Variations,Intra Observer Variability,Intra Observer Variation,Intra-Observer Variabilities,Intra-Observer Variations,Intraobserver Variabilities,Intraobserver Variations,Observer Variations,Variabilities, Inter-Observer,Variabilities, Interobserver,Variabilities, Intra-Observer,Variabilities, Intraobserver,Variability, Inter-Observer,Variability, Interobserver,Variability, Intra-Observer,Variability, Intraobserver,Variation, Inter-Observer,Variation, Interobserver,Variation, Intra-Observer,Variation, Intraobserver,Variation, Observer,Variations, Inter-Observer,Variations, Interobserver,Variations, Intra-Observer,Variations, Intraobserver,Variations, Observer
D017497 Hidradenitis Suppurativa A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop, and fibrosis and scarring become evident. Acne Inversa,Hidradenitides, Suppurative,Hidradenitis, Suppurative,Suppurative Hidradenitides,Suppurative Hidradenitis,Acne Inversas,Inversa, Acne,Inversas, Acne

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