Inhibition mechanism of testis-expressed gene 14 (TEX14) in cytokinetic abscission: Well-tempered metadynamics simulation studies. 2023

Yunju Cho, and Youhyun Nam, and Hyung Ho Lee, and Rakwoo Chang
LT Materials, Gyeonggi-Do 11319, Republic of Korea.

Cytokinesis requires a apoptosis-linked gene 2 interacting protein X (ALIX) and a 55 kDa midbody centrosomal protein (CEP55) to activate the cell abscission in somatic cells. However, in germ cells, CEP55 forms intercellular bridges with testis-expressed gene 14 (TEX14), which blocks the cell abscission. These intercellular bridges play important roles in the synchronization of the germ cells and facilitate the coordinated passage of organelles and molecules between germ cells. If TEX14 is intentionally removed, intercellular bridges are disrupted, leading to sterility. Hence, a deeper understanding regarding the roles of TEX14 can provide significant insights into the inactivation of abscission and the inhibition of proliferation in cancer cells. Previous experimental studies have shown that the high affinity and low dissociation rate of TEX14 for CEP55 prevent ALIX from binding CEP55 and inactivate the germ cell abscission. However, detailed information about how TEX14 interacts with CEP55 to prevent the cell abscission is still lacking. To gain more specific insights into the interactions between CEP55 and TEX14 and the difference in reactivity between TEX14 and ALIX, we performed well-tempered metadynamics simulations of these protein complexes using atomistic models of CEP55, TEX14, and ALIX. We identified the major binding residues of TEX14 and ALIX with CEP55 by using 2D Gibbs free energy evaluations, the results of which are consistent with previous experimental studies. Our results may help design synthetic TEX14 mimicking peptides, which can bind CEP55 and facilitate the inactivation of abscission in abnormal cells, including cancer cells.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011485 Protein Binding The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014157 Transcription Factors Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. Transcription Factor,Factor, Transcription,Factors, Transcription
D048749 Cytokinesis The process by which the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided. Cytoplasmic Division,Cytokineses,Cytoplasmic Divisions,Division, Cytoplasmic,Divisions, Cytoplasmic
D018797 Cell Cycle Proteins Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. Cell Division Cycle Proteins,Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins,cdc Proteins,Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins

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