Biomaterial Database

Advances in drug delivery systems, challenges and future directions. 2023

Tobechukwu Christian Ezike, and Ugochukwu Solomon Okpala, and Ufedo Lovet Onoja, and Chinenye Princess Nwike, and Emmanuel Chimeh Ezeako, and Osinachi Juliet Okpara, and Charles Chinkwere Okoroafor, and Shadrach Chinecherem Eze, and Onyinyechi Loveth Kalu, and Evaristus Chinonso Odoh, and Ugochukwu Gideon Nwadike, and John Onyebuchi Ogbodo, and Bravo Udochukwu Umeh, and Emmanuel Chekwube Ossai, and Bennett Chima Nwanguma

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Advances in molecular pharmacology and an improved understanding of the mechanism of most diseases have created the need to specifically target the cells involved in the initiation and progression of diseases. This is especially true for most life-threatening diseases requiring therapeutic agents which have numerous side effects, thus requiring accurate tissue targeting to minimize systemic exposure. Recent drug delivery systems (DDS) are formulated using advanced technology to accelerate systemic drug delivery to the specific target site, maximizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing off-target accumulation in the body. As a result, they play an important role in disease management and treatment. Recent DDS offer greater advantages when compared to conventional drug delivery systems due to their enhanced performance, automation, precision, and efficacy. They are made of nanomaterials or miniaturized devices with multifunctional components that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and have high viscoelasticity with an extended circulating half-life. This review, therefore, provides a comprehensive insight into the history and technological advancement of drug delivery systems. It updates the most recent drug delivery systems, their therapeutic applications, challenges associated with their use, and future directions for improved performance and use.