Prevalence of Ectopic Canine in Different Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns. 2023

Bhagabati Prasad Dash, and Pavithra K Ramanna, and George Sam, and Prasanth Prathapan Santhakumari, and Mithun K Naik, and Ankita Das
Department of Orthodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

OBJECTIVE The present investigation aims to find out the prevalence of ectopic canines among skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions and to evaluate its variability among different genders and their growth patterns. METHODS The study sample included orthopantomograms (OPGs), lateral skull views, and study models of 999 patients collected from departmental archives. Among the selected samples, 258 were males and 738 were females. They were divided into skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions sagittally and hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups according to their angle formed between point A-Nasion - point B (ANB) and angle formed between the Sella-Nasion (SN) plane and Gonion (Go) - Gnathion (Gn) plane (SnGoGn) values respectively. RESULTS Of the 999 samples, 738 (73.9%) were female and 260 (25.8%) were male patients. When compared to men, females had a higher proportion of ectopic canines. An estimated 62.3% of skeletal class I, 29.1% of skeletal class II, and 8.6% of skeletal class III cases were found to have ectopic canines. An estimated 720 (72.1%) patients were found to have maxillary ectopic canines and out of the available sample, 474 patients have horizontal growth patterns, 335 have average growth patterns and 190 patients have vertical growth patterns. Labial impaction was the commonest (65.4%) followed by palatal (24.8%). Bilateral impaction was comparatively more (51.1%) than unilateral impaction (48.2%). Maxilla was more prevalent (72.1%) as compared to the mandible (16.3%) and for both the arches it was (11.6%). Ectopic canines were identified in a total of 62.3% of cases with skeletal class I, 29.1% of cases with skeletal class II, and 8.6% of cases with skeletal class III. CONCLUSIONS The bilateral ectopic canine was mostly seen in skeletal class I and class III malocclusions, whereas, a unilateral presentation was mostly seen in skeletal class II malocclusions. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the likelihood of a maxillary canine erupting ectopically will aid clinicians in starting with interceptive therapy since this condition necessitates complex orthodontic mechanics.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008310 Malocclusion Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982) Angle's Classification,Crossbite,Tooth Crowding,Cross Bite,Angle Classification,Angles Classification,Bite, Cross,Bites, Cross,Classification, Angle's,Cross Bites,Crossbites,Crowding, Tooth,Crowdings, Tooth,Malocclusions
D008312 Malocclusion, Angle Class II Malocclusion in which the mandible is posterior to the maxilla as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (distoclusion). Angle Class II,Angle Class II, Division 1,Angle Class II, Division 2,Class II Malocclusion, Division 1,Class II Malocclusion, Division 2,Malocclusion, Angle Class II, Division 1,Malocclusion, Angle Class II, Division 2,Class II, Angle
D008313 Malocclusion, Angle Class III Malocclusion in which the mandible is anterior to the maxilla as reflected by the first relationship of the first permanent molar (mesioclusion). Angle Class III,Habsburg Jaw,Hapsburg Jaw,Prognathism, Mandibular,Underbite
D008334 Mandible The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth. Mylohyoid Groove,Mylohyoid Ridge,Groove, Mylohyoid,Grooves, Mylohyoid,Mandibles,Mylohyoid Grooves,Mylohyoid Ridges,Ridge, Mylohyoid,Ridges, Mylohyoid
D008437 Maxilla One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS. Maxillae,Maxillary Bone,Bone, Maxillary,Bones, Maxillary,Maxillary Bones,Maxillas
D002508 Cephalometry The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD. Craniometry
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014095 Tooth, Impacted A tooth that is prevented from erupting by a physical barrier, usually other teeth. Impaction may also result from orientation of the tooth in an other than vertical position in the periodontal structures. Teeth, Impacted,Impacted Teeth,Impacted Tooth

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