Biomaterial Database

Purification and amino acid sequences of dog, goat and guinea pig VIPs. 1986

J Eng, and B H Du, and J P Raufman, and R S Yalow

VIP has been reported to be identical in pig, cow, human and rat but to differ in four amino acids in chicken. We report now on the purification and sequences of VIP from three other mammalian species, dog, goat and guinea pig (GP). The general method of purification of the three peptides was similar. The frozen intestines were extracted in five volumes of an organic solvent and the residual cakes re-extracted with acid or acid-ethanol. The VIPs were brought to final purity through a series of HPLC steps. Overall recovery using this methodology is in the range of 20-30%. The VIP sequences obtained were: Dog and Goat: (sequence in text) Dog and goat VIP are identical to, but GP VIP differs from, that of other mammalian species. Substitution of the four amino acids in positions 5, 9, 19 and 26 appears not to affect its biological activity. That GP VIP differs from other mammalian VIP's is further evidence that the GP gastroenteropancreatic axis has a unique evolutionary separation from other mammals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006041	Goats	Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.	Capra,Capras,Goat
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D014660	Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide	A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide),Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,Vasointestinal Peptide,Intestinal Peptide, Vasoactive,Intestinal Polypeptide, Vasoactive,Peptide, Vasoactive Intestinal,Peptide, Vasointestinal,Polypeptide, Vasoactive Intestinal