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The individual and combined effects of aflatoxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) were evaluated in young broiler chickens (Hubbard X Hubbard). The experimental design was a 2 X 2 factorial with treatments of 0 and 2.5 micrograms of aflatoxin/g of feed (ppm) and 0 and 16 micrograms of DON/g of feed. The broilers were maintained on these dietary treatments from hatching to 3 weeks of age in electrically heated batteries with feed and water available ad libitum. The aflatoxin treatment significantly (P less than .05) decreased body weight; weight gain; increased the relative weight of the spleen, liver, and kidney; induced hepatic hyperlipemia; decreased activity of lactic dehydrogenase; and decreased serum levels of protein, albumin, and phosphorus. The toxicity of DON was expressed through reduced growth rate, increased feed conversion; increased relative weight of the gizzard, anemia, decreased activity of lactic dehydrogenase, and decreased serum triglycerides. The interaction between aflatoxin and DON was characterized by reduced growth rates; increased feed conversion, increased relative weight of the proventriculus, gizzard, spleen, liver, and kidney, anemia, hepatic hyperlipemia, decreased activity of alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase, and decreased serum levels of protein, albumin, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, and calcium. These data demonstrate that both aflatoxin and DON can limit broiler performance and adversely effect broiler health. The effects of the combination of aflatoxin and DON on broiler performance and health was more severe than the individual effects of these mycotoxins; however, the interaction was not severe enough to represent toxic synergy and can best be characterized as additive toxicity.
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C R Creger
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T D Phillips, and
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September 1983,
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L F Kubena, and
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W M Hagler, and
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Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association,
W E Huff, and
L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
W M Hagler, and
S P Swanson, and
T D Phillips, and
C R Creger
November 1984,
Poultry science,
W E Huff, and
L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
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S P Swanson, and
T D Phillips, and
C R Creger
May 1985,
Poultry science,
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L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
W M Hagler, and
S P Swanson, and
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C R Creger
January 1983,
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
W E Huff, and
L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
W M Hagler, and
S P Swanson, and
T D Phillips, and
C R Creger
August 1982,
Poultry science,
W E Huff, and
L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
W M Hagler, and
S P Swanson, and
T D Phillips, and
C R Creger
September 1985,
Poultry science,
W E Huff, and
L F Kubena, and
R B Harvey, and
W M Hagler, and
S P Swanson, and
T D Phillips, and
C R Creger
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International journal of molecular sciences,
