Despite fears that child day care attendance enhances the transmission of infection among attending children, there are positive aspects of the day care experience that, from the standpoint of infectious diseases, directly and indirectly contribute to the child's well-being. Quality child day care first requires a preadmission physical examination and then requires that the child begin the series of prescribed immunizations, which might not have been received if care were provided at home by a care giver who was not knowledgeable of available mechanisms for the prevention of disease. Once enrolled, the child and parents can be exposed to health education, which benefits them in terms of overall good health for the entire family. The child day care environment, like every other place where children congregate, is subject to the transmission of infectious agents among child and staff. But the risk of infection can be minimized and the health benefits maximized, and child day care can make positive contributions toward the social and physical development of the child.