Comparison of the blink reflex in classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. 2023

Bettina Bjerring, and Stine Maarbjerg, and Tone Heinskou, and Lars Bendtsen, and Miki Nikolic, and Valentina Grillo, and Roberto De Icco, and Henrik Winther Schytz
Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.

Previous findings indicate that the blink reflex is useful to distinguish between primary (classical/idiopathic) and secondary trigeminal neuralgia. No prior studies have investigated whether the blink reflex could identify differences in electrophysiological responses between classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. With this in mind, we investigated the blink reflex in a cohort of classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients. Participants were consecutively enrolled in the study. According to magnetic resonance imaging findings, the patients were subgrouped into either classical or idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Assessors were blinded to the subgroup and pain side, and the blink reflex was examined to assess R1 and R2 latencies, as well as the area under the curve. The study group constituted of 55 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia: 25 patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia and 30 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. None of the blink reflex latencies (R1 and R2) or the area under the curve significantly differed between the two subgroups when adjusted for age and sex (p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that the blink reflex cannot be used to differentiate classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients, and that both subgroups may share common pathophysiological mechanisms.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05328661.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D012018 Reflex An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D001767 Blinking Brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by voluntary action. Orbicularis Oculi Reflex,Reflex, Blink,Reflex, Corneal,Reflex, Orbicularis Oculi,Winking,Blink Reflexes,Corneal Reflexes,Orbicularis Oculi Reflexes,Blink Reflex,Reflexes, Blink,Reflexes, Orbicularis Oculi
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014276 Trigeminal Nerve The 5th and largest cranial nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve. The larger sensory part forms the ophthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary nerves which carry afferents sensitive to external or internal stimuli from the skin, muscles, and joints of the face and mouth and from the teeth. Most of these fibers originate from cells of the TRIGEMINAL GANGLION and project to the TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS of the brain stem. The smaller motor part arises from the brain stem trigeminal motor nucleus and innervates the muscles of mastication. Cranial Nerve V,Fifth Cranial Nerve,Nerve V,Nervus Trigeminus,Cranial Nerve, Fifth,Fifth Cranial Nerves,Nerve V, Cranial,Nerve Vs,Nerve, Fifth Cranial,Nerve, Trigeminal,Trigeminal Nerves,Trigeminus, Nervus
D014277 Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187) Tic Doloureux,Tic Douloureux,Epileptiform Neuralgia,Fothergill Disease,Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgia,Trifacial Neuralgia,Trigeminal Neuralgia, Idiopathic,Trigeminal Neuralgia, Secondary,Disease, Fothergill,Epileptiform Neuralgias,Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia,Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgias,Neuralgia, Epileptiform,Neuralgia, Idiopathic Trigeminal,Neuralgia, Secondary Trigeminal,Neuralgia, Trifacial,Neuralgia, Trigeminal,Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgias,Trifacial Neuralgias,Trigeminal Neuralgias

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