Biomaterial Database

Sudomotor deficits in Parkinson's disease with special reference to motor subtypes. 2023

Hiroshi Saito

Department of Neurology, Sendai Eastern Neurosurgical Hospital, Sendai, 983-0821, Japan. Electronic address: saito-tubame@jcom.home.ne.jp.

Parkinson's disease which shows clinically heterogeneous motor derangement may also accompany various autonomic disorders, but results of previous research on incidence and degree of each autonomic dysfunction have been inconsistent. As for sudomotor dysfunction, some investigators emphasize hypo- or anhidrois, whereas others stress hyperhidrosis. To elucidate sudomotor dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease (PD) with respect to subtypes, 225 clinically probable patients PD patients were stratified by motor phenotype (tremor-dominant group: 33; mixed group: 105; and akinesia-rigidity group: 87) and subjected to thermal and acetylcholine-induced (focal) sweating tests. Thermal sweating was qualitatively assessed with a modified version of Minor's colorimetric methods. Thermoregulatory and acetylcholine-induced focal sweat rates were measured with capacitance hydrometers. Thermoregulatory sweating was almost normal without anhidrotic area in 29.8% of PD patients, slightly defective in 38.7%, with anhidrotic area across <1/4 of the body surface, moderately defective in 22.2% with anhidrotic area across approximately 1/2 of the body surface, and extremely defective in 9.3% with anhidrotic area across more than 3/4 of the body surface. Patchy sweating was observed in 104 patients, implicating involvement of the hypothalamo-spinal and/or preganglionic systems in the disease process. Hyperhidrosis was seen in 15% of patients. Tremor-dominant group showed least impairment. This study suggests that PD is associated with various patterns and degree of sudomotor abnormalities, and that sudomotor sympathetic deficits may be related with the pathophysiology of akinesia and rigidity rather than that of resting tremor.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010300	Parkinson Disease	A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	Idiopathic Parkinson Disease,Lewy Body Parkinson Disease,Paralysis Agitans,Primary Parkinsonism,Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease,Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease,Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson's Disease,Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body,Parkinsonism, Primary
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006945	Hyperhidrosis	Excessive sweating. In the localized type, the most frequent sites are the palms, soles, axillae, inguinal folds, and the perineal area. Its chief cause is thought to be emotional. Generalized hyperhidrosis may be induced by a hot, humid environment, by fever, or by vigorous exercise.	Hyperidrosis
D000109	Acetylcholine	A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.	2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium,Acetilcolina Cusi,Acetylcholine Bromide,Acetylcholine Chloride,Acetylcholine Fluoride,Acetylcholine Hydroxide,Acetylcholine Iodide,Acetylcholine L-Tartrate,Acetylcholine Perchlorate,Acetylcholine Picrate,Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1),Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1),Bromoacetylcholine,Chloroacetylcholine,Miochol,Acetylcholine L Tartrate,Bromide, Acetylcholine,Cusi, Acetilcolina,Fluoride, Acetylcholine,Hydroxide, Acetylcholine,Iodide, Acetylcholine,L-Tartrate, Acetylcholine,Perchlorate, Acetylcholine
D001072	Apraxias	A group of cognitive disorders characterized by the inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function. The two major subtypes of this condition are ideomotor (see APRAXIA, IDEOMOTOR) and ideational apraxia, which refers to loss of the ability to mentally formulate the processes involved with performing an action. For example, dressing apraxia may result from an inability to mentally formulate the act of placing clothes on the body. Apraxias are generally associated with lesions of the dominant PARIETAL LOBE and supramarginal gyrus. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp56-7)	Dressing Apraxia,Dyspraxia,Ideational Apraxia,Apraxia,Apraxia of Phonation,Apraxia, Articulatory,Apraxia, Developmental Verbal,Apraxia, Facial-Oral,Apraxia, Gestural,Apraxia, Motor,Apraxia, Oral,Apraxia, Verbal,Developmental Verbal Dyspraxia,Dyspraxia, Articulatory,Dyspraxia, Oral,Dyspraxia, Verbal,Speech And Language Disorder With Orofacial Dyspraxia,Speech-Language Disorder 1,1s, Speech-Language Disorder,Apraxia, Dressing,Apraxia, Facial Oral,Apraxia, Ideational,Apraxias, Articulatory,Apraxias, Developmental Verbal,Apraxias, Dressing,Apraxias, Facial-Oral,Apraxias, Gestural,Apraxias, Ideational,Apraxias, Motor,Apraxias, Oral,Apraxias, Verbal,Articulatory Apraxia,Articulatory Apraxias,Articulatory Dyspraxia,Articulatory Dyspraxias,Developmental Verbal Apraxia,Developmental Verbal Apraxias,Developmental Verbal Dyspraxias,Disorder 1, Speech-Language,Disorder 1s, Speech-Language,Dressing Apraxias,Dyspraxia, Developmental Verbal,Dyspraxias,Dyspraxias, Articulatory,Dyspraxias, Developmental Verbal,Dyspraxias, Oral,Dyspraxias, Verbal,Facial-Oral Apraxia,Facial-Oral Apraxias,Gestural Apraxia,Gestural Apraxias,Ideational Apraxias,Motor Apraxia,Motor Apraxias,Oral Apraxia,Oral Apraxias,Oral Dyspraxia,Oral Dyspraxias,Phonation Apraxia,Phonation Apraxias,Speech Language Disorder 1,Speech-Language Disorder 1s,Verbal Apraxia,Verbal Apraxia, Developmental,Verbal Apraxias,Verbal Apraxias, Developmental,Verbal Dyspraxia,Verbal Dyspraxia, Developmental,Verbal Dyspraxias,Verbal Dyspraxias, Developmental
D014202	Tremor	Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON DISEASE.	Action Tremor,Intention Tremor,Resting Tremor,Coarse Tremor,Continuous Tremor,Darkness Tremor,Fine Tremor,Intermittent Tremor,Involuntary Quiver,Massive Tremor,Passive Tremor,Persistent Tremor,Pill Rolling Tremor,Rest Tremor,Saturnine Tremor,Senile Tremor,Static Tremor,Tremor, Limb,Tremor, Muscle,Tremor, Neonatal,Tremor, Nerve,Tremor, Perioral,Tremor, Semirhythmic,Action Tremors,Coarse Tremors,Continuous Tremors,Darkness Tremors,Fine Tremors,Intention Tremors,Intermittent Tremors,Involuntary Quivers,Limb Tremor,Limb Tremors,Massive Tremors,Muscle Tremor,Muscle Tremors,Neonatal Tremor,Neonatal Tremors,Nerve Tremor,Nerve Tremors,Passive Tremors,Perioral Tremor,Perioral Tremors,Persistent Tremors,Pill Rolling Tremors,Quiver, Involuntary,Rest Tremors,Resting Tremors,Saturnine Tremors,Semirhythmic Tremor,Semirhythmic Tremors,Senile Tremors,Static Tremors,Tremor, Action,Tremor, Coarse,Tremor, Continuous,Tremor, Darkness,Tremor, Fine,Tremor, Intention,Tremor, Intermittent,Tremor, Massive,Tremor, Passive,Tremor, Persistent,Tremor, Pill Rolling,Tremor, Rest,Tremor, Resting,Tremor, Saturnine,Tremor, Senile,Tremor, Static,Tremors
D054969	Primary Dysautonomias	Disorders of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM occurring as a primary condition. Manifestations can involve any or all body systems but commonly affect the BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.	Dysautonomia, Primary,Dysautonomias, Primary,Primary Dysautonomia