Vitamin D supplementation in people with chronic kidney disease. 2023

Marc G Vervloet, and Simon Hsu, and Ian H de Boer
Department of Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.vervloet@amsterdamumc.nl.

Vitamin D supplements have long been advocated for people with chronic kidney disease based on data from observational studies among the general population and people with chronic kidney disease. These data consistently suggested that higher circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with improved fracture, cardiovascular, cancer, and mortality outcomes. In the past few years, large clinical trials have been conducted to assess the effects of vitamin D supplements on a range of clinically relevant outcomes. Most of these studies were performed in the general population, but they also enrolled people with chronic kidney disease. Virtually all of these trials were negative and contradicted the observational data. In this review, the key observational data and clinical trials are summarized, and potential explanations for the discrepancies between these studies are discussed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014807 Vitamin D A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.
D050723 Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones. Bone Fractures,Broken Bones,Spiral Fractures,Torsion Fractures,Bone Fracture,Bone, Broken,Bones, Broken,Broken Bone,Fracture, Bone,Fracture, Spiral,Fracture, Torsion,Fractures, Spiral,Fractures, Torsion,Spiral Fracture,Torsion Fracture
D051436 Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) Kidney Insufficiency, Chronic,Chronic Kidney Diseases,Chronic Kidney Insufficiency,Chronic Renal Diseases,Chronic Renal Insufficiency,Chronic Kidney Disease,Chronic Kidney Insufficiencies,Chronic Renal Disease,Chronic Renal Insufficiencies,Disease, Chronic Kidney,Disease, Chronic Renal,Diseases, Chronic Kidney,Diseases, Chronic Renal,Kidney Disease, Chronic,Kidney Diseases, Chronic,Kidney Insufficiencies, Chronic,Renal Disease, Chronic,Renal Diseases, Chronic,Renal Insufficiencies, Chronic
D019587 Dietary Supplements Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS. Food Supplements,Neutraceuticals,Dietary Supplementations,Food Supplementations,Herbal Supplements,Nutraceuticals,Nutriceuticals,Dietary Supplement,Food Supplement,Herbal Supplement,Neutraceutical,Nutraceutical,Nutriceutical,Supplement, Food,Supplement, Herbal,Supplementations, Dietary,Supplements, Dietary,Supplements, Food,Supplements, Herbal
D064887 Observational Studies as Topic Works about clinical studies in which participants may receive diagnostic, therapeutic, or other types of interventions, but the investigator does not assign participants to specific interventions (as in an interventional study). Natural Experiment as Topic,Natural Experiments as Topic,Naturalistic Observation Studies as Topic,Naturalistic Observation Study as Topic,Observational Study as Topic

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