Image-guided abscess drainage in children with perforated appendicitis - can it wait? 2023

Maria F Dien Esquivel, and Reza Belaghi, and Richard Webster, and Gali Shapira-Zalstberg
Department of Medical Imaging, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. maridien@gmail.com.

Image-guided drainage is the management of choice for perforated appendicitis with intra-abdominal abscess/es. However, there is paucity of data regarding the optimal time for intervention in children. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between the time from diagnosis of a drainable abscess to abscess drainage (delta time) and the clinical outcome in patients with complicated acute appendicitis. This is an institutional review board (IRB)-approved retrospective study comprising 80 pediatric patients who had image-guided abscess drainage due to perforated acute appendicitis. Delta time was associated with clinical outcome including length of stay, catheter dwell time, need for additional interventions, and need for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Gamma regression models were used to assess the adjusted effect of delta time on the "length of stay" and "catheter dwell time" using "volume of the largest abscess" and "number of collections" as severity indices. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect of delta time on the "need for the t-PA" and "need for additional interventions." Mean age (SD) was 10.2 (3.8) years. Mean time between diagnosis and intervention (delta time) was 1.5 (1.2) days. There was no evidence that delta time effects the length of stay, catheter dwell time, need for t-PA, and need for additional interventions (P > 0.05). However, there was an association between the number of collections and volume of the largest abscess with length of stay (P = 0.006; P = 0.058), catheter dwell time (P = 0.029; P < 0.001), and need for additional interventions (P = 0.029; P = 0.016). Our results suggest that time between diagnosis of an appendicitis associated abscess and intervention is not significantly associated with need for tPA, need for additional intervention, drain dwell time, or length of stay.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007902 Length of Stay The period of confinement of a patient to a hospital or other health facility. Hospital Stay,Hospital Stays,Stay Length,Stay Lengths,Stay, Hospital,Stays, Hospital
D010959 Tissue Plasminogen Activator A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases. Alteplase,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue-Type,T-Plasminogen Activator,Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator,Actilyse,Activase,Lysatec rt-PA,TTPA,Tisokinase,Tissue Activator D-44,Lysatec rt PA,Lysatec rtPA,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue Type,T Plasminogen Activator,Tissue Activator D 44,Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D004322 Drainage The removal of fluids or discharges from the body, such as from a wound, sore, or cavity.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000038 Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection. Abscesses
D001062 Appendectomy Surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. (Dorland, 28th ed) Appendectomies
D001064 Appendicitis Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated. Perforated Appendicitis,Ruptured Appendicitis,Appendicitis, Perforated,Appendicitis, Ruptured
D012189 Retrospective Studies Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons. Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective

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