Biomaterial Database

Experimental rabies in skunks: immunofluorescence light and electron microscopic studies. 1979

K M Charlton, and G A Casey

Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) were inoculated into the abductor digiti quinti muscle with street rabies virus isolated from salivary glands of rabid skunks. Using the immunofluorescence technique, antigen was detected in muscle cells at the inoculation site before it was detected in the central nervous system. Neurons and their processes in nearly all regions of the brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal ganglia, and peripheral nerves contained antigen in terminal stages of the disease. Electron microscopically, matrix (viral nucleocapsid), virions, and anomalous viral products were mainly in neuronal perikarya and dendrites, and less often in myelinated axons. Matrices, virions, and crystalloid structures were in muscle fibers at the inoculation site. Viral budding occurred on endoplasmic reticulum, neurotubules, and neuronal plasma membrane. In the brain and dorsal horn of the spinal cord, virus budded from the postsynaptic and adjacent dendritic or perikaryal plasma membrane. There was simultaneous esotropic uptake of these particles by adjacent axon terminals. The results strongly suggest that direct transneuronal transfer of virus from perikarya and dendrites to adjacent axon terminals is a mechanism in dissemination of rabies in the central nervous system of striped skunks. Variation in the length of the incubation period may be due partly to replication or virus in myocytes at the inoculation site and subsequent transfer to peripheral nerves.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D011818	Rabies	Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals, including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat, bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf.	Encephalitic Rabies,Furious Rabies,Hydrophobia,Paralytic Rabies,Lyssa,Furious Raby,Lyssas,Rabies, Encephalitic,Rabies, Furious,Raby, Furious
D011820	Rabies virus	The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.	Rabies viruses
D002335	Carnivora	An order of MAMMALS, usually flesh eaters with appropriate dentition. Suborders include the terrestrial carnivores Fissipedia, and the aquatic carnivores CANIFORMIA.
D002490	Central Nervous System	The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.	Cerebrospinal Axis,Axi, Cerebrospinal,Axis, Cerebrospinal,Central Nervous Systems,Cerebrospinal Axi,Nervous System, Central,Nervous Systems, Central,Systems, Central Nervous
D005455	Fluorescent Antibody Technique	Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.	Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012889	Mephitidae	The family of omnivorous New World skunks, showing typical warning coloration of patterned black and white and able to eject a malodorous secretion when the animal is startled or in danger.	Conepatus,Hog-nosed Skunks,Hooded Skunks,Mephitis,Skunks,Spilogalae,Spotted Skunks,Striped Skunks,Hog nosed Skunks,Hog-nosed Skunk,Hooded Skunk,Skunk,Skunk, Hog-nosed,Skunk, Hooded,Skunk, Spotted,Skunk, Striped,Skunks, Hog-nosed,Skunks, Hooded,Skunks, Spotted,Skunks, Striped,Spotted Skunk,Striped Skunk