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High-fat diet impact on intestinal cholesterol conversion by the microbiota and serum cholesterol levels. 2023
Alena M Bubeck, and
Paul Urbain, and
Cathrine Horn, and
Anna S Jung, and
Lisa Ferrari, and
Hannah K Ruple, and
Daniel Podlesny, and
Stefanie Zorn, and
Johnny Laupsa-Borge, and
Caroline Jensen, and
Inge Lindseth, and
Gülen Arslan Lied, and
Jutta Dierkes, and
Gunnar Mellgren, and
Hartmut Bertz, and
Silke Matysik, and
Sabrina Krautbauer, and
Gerhard Liebisch, and
Hans-Frieder Schoett, and
Simon N Dankel, and
W Florian Fricke
Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Cholesterol-to-coprostanol conversion by the intestinal microbiota has been suggested to reduce intestinal and serum cholesterol availability, but the relationship between intestinal cholesterol conversion and the gut microbiota, dietary habits, and serum lipids has not been characterized in detail. We measured conserved proportions of cholesterol high and low-converter types in individuals with and without obesity from two distinct, independent low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) dietary intervention studies. Across both cohorts, cholesterol conversion increased in previous low-converters after LCHF diet and was positively correlated with the fecal relative abundance of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes. Lean cholesterol high-converters had increased serum triacylglycerides and decreased HDL-C levels before LCHF diet and responded to the intervention with increased LDL-C, independently of fat, cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid intake. Our findings identify the cholesterol high-converter type as a microbiome marker, which in metabolically healthy lean individuals is associated with increased LDL-C in response to LCHF.
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