Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a disease quite common in developed countries; however, its incidence is increasing in developing countries as well. The diagnosis of UBC is generally based on a number of methods, of which urinary cytology is a very commonly used one. But it is not very reliable. Therefore many new markers and methods are being investigated to make non-invasive diagnosis of UBC easy and reliable. This study was carried out to find the usefulness of microRNA (miRNA)-10a as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in non-muscle-invasive urinary bladder carcinoma. Twenty patients with UBC were taken as cases with 20 controls. Urine cytological examination was done, as well as histopathological examination of tumor tissue of cases. Urinary miRNA-10a estimation of both the cases and controls were done. It was found that miRNA-10a is significantly high in urine of patients with UBC. Its value also significantly correlated with the grade and stage of the tumor. Hence it can be concluded that urinary miRNA-10a is a potential candidate in the diagnosis and prognosis of UBC.