Biomaterial Database

Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid repair in Escherichia coli by caffeine and acriflavine after ultraviolet irradiation. 1979

K Fong, and R C Bockrath

The effects of caffeine and acriflavine on cell survival, single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid break formation, and postreplication repair in Escherichia coli wild-type WP2 and WP2 uvrA strains after ultraviolet irradiation was studied. Caffeine (0.5 mg/ml) added before and immediately after ultraviolet irradiation inhibited single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid breakage in wild-type WP2 cells. Single-strand breaks, once formed, were no longer subject to repair inhibition by caffeine. At 0.5 to 2 mg/ml, caffeine did not affect postreplication repair in uvrA strains. These data are consistent with the survival data of both irradiated WP2 and uvrA strains in the presence and absence of caffeine. In unirradiated WP2 and uvrA strains, however, a high caffeine concentration (greater than 2 mg/ml) resulted in gradual reduction of colony-forming units. At a concentration insufficient to alter survival of unirradiated cells, acriflavine (2 microgram/ml) inhibited both single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid breakage and postreplication repair after ultraviolet irradiation. These data suggest that although the modes of action for both caffeine and acriflavine may be similar in the inhibition of single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid break formation, they differ in their mechanisms of action on postreplication repair.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011740	Pyrimidine Dimers	Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION.	Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer,Cyclobutane-Pyrimidine Dimer,Cytosine-Thymine Dimer,Pyrimidine Dimer,Thymine Dimer,Thymine Dimers,Cyclobutane-Pyrimidine Dimers,Cytosine-Thymine Dimers,Thymine-Cyclobutane Dimer,Thymine-Thymine Cyclobutane Dimer,Cyclobutane Dimer, Thymine-Thymine,Cyclobutane Dimers, Thymine-Thymine,Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers,Cytosine Thymine Dimer,Cytosine Thymine Dimers,Pyrimidine Dimer, Cyclobutane,Pyrimidine Dimers, Cyclobutane,Thymine Cyclobutane Dimer,Thymine Thymine Cyclobutane Dimer,Thymine-Cyclobutane Dimers,Thymine-Thymine Cyclobutane Dimers
D002110	Caffeine	A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.	1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine,Caffedrine,Coffeinum N,Coffeinum Purrum,Dexitac,Durvitan,No Doz,Percoffedrinol N,Percutaféine,Quick-Pep,Vivarin,Quick Pep,QuickPep
D004260	DNA Repair	The removal of DNA LESIONS and/or restoration of intact DNA strands without BASE PAIR MISMATCHES, intrastrand or interstrand crosslinks, or discontinuities in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbones.	DNA Damage Response
D004269	DNA, Bacterial	Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.	Bacterial DNA
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D000166	Acridines	Compounds that include the structure of acridine.	Acridine
D000167	Acriflavine	3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.	Xanthacridinum,2,8-Diamino-10-Methylacridinium Chloride Mixture With 2,8-Diaminoacridine
D014466	Ultraviolet Rays	That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.	Actinic Rays,Black Light, Ultraviolet,UV Light,UV Radiation,Ultra-Violet Rays,Ultraviolet Light,Ultraviolet Radiation,Actinic Ray,Light, UV,Light, Ultraviolet,Radiation, UV,Radiation, Ultraviolet,Ray, Actinic,Ray, Ultra-Violet,Ray, Ultraviolet,Ultra Violet Rays,Ultra-Violet Ray,Ultraviolet Black Light,Ultraviolet Black Lights,Ultraviolet Radiations,Ultraviolet Ray