On the basis of own and literature data the author analyses the importance and potential of morphological intravital studies of organs and tissues for the diagnosis, investigation of patho- and morphogenesis, prognosis and estimation of the efficacy of treatment of different diseases in children. Difficulties of verification of pathologic processes associated with anatomo-physiological peculiarities of a growing organism are also mentioned. The author provides grounds for usage of intravital morphological studies to assess the informative value of functional methods in examination of sick children.