Biomaterial Database

Ontogeny and localization of the crystallins during lens development in normal and Hy-1 (hyperplastic lens epithelium) chick embryos. 1979

D S McDevitt, and R M Clayton

A strain of chickens selected for high growth rate has been found to exhibit an anomalous eye lens morphology indicating a failure of the normal process of growth regulation. Hyperplasia of the lens epithelium and annular pad, often with fiber formation, has recently been described in day-old chicks of this strain, termed Hy-1 (Clayton, 1975). The earliest evidence of this condition in this study has been found in the 11-day embryonic Hy-1 lens. Before this time, no definitive lens abnormality could be detected histologically in the Hy-1 embryos. However, the indirect immunofluorescence technique had revealed early temporal and spatial differences with regard to the lens crystallins. Antibodies, specific for delta, cathodal beta, anodal beta and alpha crystallins, were applied to sections through the lens of 2 1/2-, 3-, 3 1/2, 4-, 5-, 8- and 16-day embryonic and 1-day post-hatch normal and Hy-1 chicks. delta crystallin appears precociously in the external layer, and alpha crystallin in the prospective fiber region, of the lens rudiment of Hy-1 embryos. Both anodal and cathodal beta crystallins are retarded, however, in their appearance in the external layer/epithelium of Hy-1 lenses. Localization of the crystallin classes within the lenses of the two strains continues to vary during lens differentiation until 1 day post-hatch, at which time and during late embryogenesis annular pad and epithelium abnormalities can be frequently be seen in the Hy-1 lens. This inability to control normal lens histogenesis thus manifests itself early as alterations in the appearance of an organ-specific gene product, the crystallins.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007908	Lens, Crystalline	A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.	Eye Lens,Lens, Eye,Crystalline Lens
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D003459	Crystallins	A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. The presence of these proteins accounts for the transparency of the lens. The family is composed of four major groups, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and several minor groups, which are classed on the basis of size, charge, immunological properties, and vertebrate source. Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses.	Lens Proteins,Crystallin,Eye Lens Protein,Lens Protein, Eye,Protein, Eye Lens,Proteins, Lens
D005455	Fluorescent Antibody Technique	Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.	Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000906	Antibodies	Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).