The determination of specificity constants in enzyme-catalysed reactions. 1986

I E Crompton, and S G Waley

A convenient and accurate procedure for determining the kinetic parameter Vmax./Km is described. This avoids the error in the usual method of taking the observed first-order rate constant of an enzymic reaction at low substrate concentration as Vmax./Km. A series of reactions is used in which the initial concentration of substrate is below Km (e.g. from 5% to 50% of Km). Measurements are taken over the same extent of reaction (e.g. 70%) for each member of the series, and treated as if the kinetics were truly first-order. The reciprocal of the observed first-order rate constant is then plotted against the initial concentration of substrate: the reciprocal of the ordinate intercept is Vmax./Km. The procedure, as well as being applicable to simple reactions, is shown to be valid when there is competitive inhibition by the product, or when the reaction is reversible, or when there is competitive or mixed inhibition. The hydrolysis of cephalosporin C by a beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is used to illustrate the method.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D004791 Enzyme Inhibitors Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D004798 Enzymes Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however CATALYTIC RNA and CATALYTIC DNA molecules have also been identified. Biocatalyst,Enzyme,Biocatalysts
D013379 Substrate Specificity A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts. Specificities, Substrate,Specificity, Substrate,Substrate Specificities

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