Biomaterial Database

Current Progress of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) Vaccine Development. 2024

Dokyun Kim, and Chih-Jen Lai, and Inho Cha, and Jae U Jung

Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

SFTSV is an emerging tick-borne virus causing hemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate (CFR) that can reach up to 27%. With endemic infection in East Asia and the recent spread of the vector tick to more than 20 states in the United States, the SFTSV outbreak is a globally growing public health concern. However, there is currently no targeted antiviral therapy or licensed vaccine against SFTSV. Considering the age-dependent SFTS pathogenesis and disease outcome, a sophisticated vaccine development approach is required to safeguard the elderly population from lethal SFTSV infection. Given the recent emergence of SFTSV, the establishment of animal models to study immunogenicity and protection from SFTS symptoms has only occurred recently. The latest research efforts have applied diverse vaccine development approaches-including live-attenuated vaccine, DNA vaccine, whole inactivated virus vaccine, viral vector vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, and mRNA vaccine-in the quest to develop a safe and effective vaccine against SFTSV. This review aims to outline the current progress in SFTSV vaccine development and suggest future directions to enhance the safety and efficacy of these vaccines, ensuring their suitability for clinical application.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D004196	Disease Outbreaks	Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.	Outbreaks,Infectious Disease Outbreaks,Disease Outbreak,Disease Outbreak, Infectious,Disease Outbreaks, Infectious,Infectious Disease Outbreak,Outbreak, Disease,Outbreak, Infectious Disease,Outbreaks, Disease,Outbreaks, Infectious Disease
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000085142	Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome	A tick-borne infection with SEVERE FEVER WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROME BUNYAVIRUS of the genus Phlebovirus. It is associated with fever, THROMBOCYTOPENIA; LEUKOCYTOPENIA, and multiorgan dysfunction. It is found in parts of Asia including China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam and can be transmitted from infected domestic animals and humans.	SFTS Virus Infection,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Infection,Infection, SFTS Virus,SFTS Virus Infections,Virus Infection, SFTS
D000087506	Vaccine Development	The entire process of introducing a new vaccine for use in VACCINATION including pre-clinical development, testing in CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL, manufacturing, approval/licensing and distribution.	Development, Vaccine
D000368	Aged	A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available.	Elderly
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014613	Vaccines, Attenuated	Live vaccines prepared from microorganisms which have undergone physical adaptation (e.g., by radiation or temperature conditioning) or serial passage in laboratory animal hosts or infected tissue/cell cultures, in order to produce avirulent mutant strains capable of inducing protective immunity.	Attenuated Vaccine,Vaccines, Live, Attenuated,Attenuated Vaccines,Vaccine, Attenuated
D014765	Viral Vaccines	Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.	Viral Vaccine,Vaccine, Viral,Vaccines, Viral
D023421	Models, Animal	Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.	Experimental Animal Models,Laboratory Animal Models,Animal Model,Animal Model, Experimental,Animal Model, Laboratory,Animal Models,Animal Models, Experimental,Animal Models, Laboratory,Experimental Animal Model,Laboratory Animal Model,Model, Animal,Model, Experimental Animal,Model, Laboratory Animal,Models, Experimental Animal,Models, Laboratory Animal