Biomaterial Database

Isolation and characterization of hemorrhagic toxin g from the venom of Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake). 1985

T Nikai, and N Mori, and M Kishida, and M Tsuboi, and H Sugihara

Hemorrhagic toxin g (HT-g) was isolated from Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake) venom using a five-step purification procedure to obtain approximately equal to 5.9 mg of purified HT-g from 2.0 g of crude venom. The purified toxin was homogeneous by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel at pH 8.3 and 4.3, and by isoelectric focusing. HT-g possessed lethal, hemorrhagic and proteolytic activities. These activities of toxin were inhibited by ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,10-phenanthroline or ethyleneglycol (beta-amino-ethyl) N,N,N',N'-tetracetic acid (EGTA), but not by cysteine or soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). Its molecular weight was approximately 60,000 and the isoelectric point was 6.8. The toxin contains 516 amino acid residues. HT-g did not coagulate fibrinogen to fibrin; however, the toxin hydrolysed the A alpha-chain or B beta-chain of fibrinogen without cleaving the gamma-chain. HT-g produced only local hemorrhage in internal organs such as the intestine, heart and liver.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007526	Isoelectric Point	The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.	Isoelectric Points,Point, Isoelectric,Points, Isoelectric
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D003435	Crotalid Venoms	Venoms from snakes of the subfamily Crotalinae or pit vipers, found mostly in the Americas. They include the rattlesnake, cottonmouth, fer-de-lance, bushmaster, and American copperhead. Their venoms contain nontoxic proteins, cardio-, hemo-, cyto-, and neurotoxins, and many enzymes, especially phospholipases A. Many of the toxins have been characterized.	Bothrops Venom,Crotalidae Venoms,Pit Viper Venoms,Rattlesnake Venoms,Crotactin,Crotalid Venom,Crotalin,Crotaline Snake Venom,Crotalotoxin,Crotamin,Pit Viper Venom,Rattlesnake Venom,Snake Venom, Crotaline,Venom, Bothrops,Venom, Crotalid,Venom, Crotaline Snake,Venom, Pit Viper,Venom, Rattlesnake,Venoms, Crotalid,Venoms, Crotalidae,Venoms, Pit Viper,Venoms, Rattlesnake,Viper Venom, Pit
D005340	Fibrinogen	Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.	Coagulation Factor I,Factor I,Blood Coagulation Factor I,gamma-Fibrinogen,Factor I, Coagulation,gamma Fibrinogen
D006358	Hot Temperature	Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.	Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D006470	Hemorrhage	Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	Bleeding,Hemorrhages
D000596	Amino Acids	Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.	Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus